Earth & Space Science Glossary - Revision history

Conradrichman: Nav toggle: add PLDs (New) after Exam questions; remove New from Exam questions and Glossary

2026-10-17T03:30:01Z

Nav toggle: add PLDs (New) after Exam questions; remove New from Exam questions and Glossary

Conrad: Add navbar (standards / exam questions / glossary)

2026-10-15T16:57:50Z

Add navbar (standards / exam questions / glossary)

Conrad: SEO: title subtitle, opening sentence naming the standards and Regents, description

2026-10-13T17:05:48Z

SEO: title subtitle, opening sentence naming the standards and Regents, description

Conradrichman: Add dwarf planet (The Moons of Pluto, question 19), from the cluster passage now shown on that page

2026-09-26T07:06:40Z

Add dwarf planet (The Moons of Pluto, question 19), from the cluster passage now shown on that page

Conradrichman: Rebuilt from NYSED sources only: every term links to its standard or released exam question (2024 samples through August 2026); added exam vocabulary, geologic time, Earth materials, places, celestial objects, reference tables, units and a labeled implied-terms section

2026-09-26T06:23:46Z

Rebuilt from NYSED sources only: every term links to its standard or released exam question (2024 samples through August 2026); added exam vocabulary, geologic time, Earth materials, places, celestial objects, reference tables, units and a labeled implied-terms section

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Shirleyshameen at 13:40, 23 June 2025

2025-06-23T13:40:29Z

Shirleyshameen at 20:13, 20 June 2025

2025-06-20T20:13:13Z

Shirleyshameen at 16:01, 20 June 2025

2025-06-20T16:01:17Z

Shirleyshameen at 16:00, 20 June 2025

2025-06-20T16:00:07Z

Shirleyshameen at 15:29, 20 June 2025

2025-06-20T15:29:02Z

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 {| class="pe-ce-toggle"
 |[[Earth and Space Science|{{#far:compass}} Learning standards]]
-|[[Earth and Space Science Questions|{{#far:circle-question}} Exam questions <span class="toggle-new">New</span>]]
+|[[Earth and Space Science Questions|{{#far:circle-question}} Exam questions]]
 |[[Earth & Space Science Glossary|{{#far:bookmark}} Glossary]]
 |}

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:57, 15 October 2026
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	{{DISPLAYTITLE:Earth & Space Science Glossary {{Titlesub\|· NYS Regents vocabulary}}}}		{{DISPLAYTITLE:Earth & Space Science Glossary {{Titlesub\|· NYS Regents vocabulary}}}}
		+	{\| class="pe-ce-toggle"
		+	\|[[Earth and Space Science\|{{#far:compass}} Learning standards]]
		+	\|[[Earth and Space Science Questions\|{{#far:circle-question}} Exam questions <span class="toggle-new">New</span>]]
		+	\|[[Earth & Space Science Glossary\|{{#far:bookmark}} Glossary]]
		+	\|}
	The '''Earth & Space Science Glossary''' lists more than 1,000 terms from New York State Earth and Space Sciences: the vocabulary of the Earth and Space Sciences learning standards (NYSSLS performance expectations) and of released Earth and Space Sciences Regents exam questions, along with the geologic periods, Earth materials, places, celestial objects and reference tables they name.		The '''Earth & Space Science Glossary''' lists more than 1,000 terms from New York State Earth and Space Sciences: the vocabulary of the Earth and Space Sciences learning standards (NYSSLS performance expectations) and of released Earth and Space Sciences Regents exam questions, along with the geologic periods, Earth materials, places, celestial objects and reference tables they name.

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 This glossary is strictly limited to terms originating from official NYSED materials such as standards and released test questions. Every term links to its source: a performance expectation (for example [[HS-ESS2-1]]) means the term, or the wording it is taken from, appears in that standard's text, clarification statement, assessment boundary, disciplinary core ideas or performance level descriptions; an exam cluster means the term appeared in that released question cluster, and the link opens the question. Sections: [[#Vocabulary from the standards|vocabulary from the standards]], [[#Vocabulary from released exams|vocabulary from released exams]], [[#Geologic time and named events|geologic time and named events]], [[#Earth materials|Earth materials]], [[#Places, features and people|places, features and people]], [[#Celestial objects, spacecraft and instruments|celestial objects, spacecraft and instruments]], [[#Reference tables|reference tables]], [[#Equations and units|equations and units]], and [[#Implied terms|terms the standards and exams point to without naming]].
@@ Line 976: / Line 979: @@
 * '''[[Questions:Mining and Use of Lithium|Mining and Use of Lithium]]''': [[Questions:Mining and Use of Lithium#q4|Atacama region of Chile]]
 * '''[[Questions:Human Impact on Earth|Human Impact on Earth]]''': [[Questions:Human Impact on Earth#q4|Namibia]]
-* '''[[Questions:Tectonics of Hawaiian Islands|Tectonics of Hawaiian Islands]]''': [[Questions:Tectonics of Hawaiian Islands#q1|Pacific Plate]], [[Questions:Tectonics of Hawaiian Islands#q1|Hawaiian Islands]], [[Questions:Tectonics of Hawaiian Islands#q1|Mauna Loa]], [[Questions:Tectonics of Hawaiian Islands#q1|Kilauea]], [[Questions:Tectonics of Hawaiian Islands#q1|Loihi]], [[Questions:Tectonics of Hawaiian Islands#q1|Aleutian Trench]], [[Questions:Tectonics of Hawaiian Islands#q1|Tonga Trench]]
+* '''[[Questions:Tectonics of Hawaiian Islands|Tectonics of the Hawaiian Islands]]''': [[Questions:Tectonics of Hawaiian Islands#q1|Pacific Plate]], [[Questions:Tectonics of Hawaiian Islands#q1|Hawaiian Islands]], [[Questions:Tectonics of Hawaiian Islands#q1|Mauna Loa]], [[Questions:Tectonics of Hawaiian Islands#q1|Kilauea]], [[Questions:Tectonics of Hawaiian Islands#q1|Loihi]], [[Questions:Tectonics of Hawaiian Islands#q1|Aleutian Trench]], [[Questions:Tectonics of Hawaiian Islands#q1|Tonga Trench]]
 === August 2025 exam ===
@@ Line 1,165: / Line 1,168: @@
 {{Pagecontributors}}
 __NOTOC__

@@ Line 533: / Line 533: @@
 * [[Questions:Evolution of Early Earth Systems#q2|dropstones]] – Jan 2026
 * [[Questions:Ghost Forests#q5|dunes]] – June 2025
 === E ===

@@ Line 363: / Line 363: @@
 <br>
 == X ==
 <br>
 == Y ==
 <br>
 == Z ==

@@ Line 35: / Line 35: @@
 * [[HS-ESS2-6|carbon]]
 * [[HS-ESS1-5|central ancient core]]
-* [[Questions:ESS Effect of The Moon on Earth#q1|celestial object]]
+* [[HS-ESS1-7|celestial bodies]]
 * [[Questions:ESS Plate Tectonics#q1|Central Pangean Mountains]]
 * [[HS-ESS2-5|chemical weathering]]
@@ Line 85: / Line 85: @@
 * [[HS-ESS3-1|earthquakes]]
 * [[Questions:ESS Earth's Climate#q5|East Greenland Current]]
 * [[HS-ESS3-4|ecosystem degradation]]
 * [[HS-ESS1-3|electromagnetic energy]]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 This glossary is strictly limited to terms originating from official NYSED materials such as standards and released test questions.
 == A ==
-* [[Questions:ESS Plate Tectonics#q5|accretion]]
+* [[Questions:ESS Theia and the Moon#q5|accretion]]
 * [[HS-ESS3-3|agricultural efficiency]]
 * [[Questions:ESS Earth's Climate#q3|albedo]]

@@ Line 19: / Line 19: @@
 <br>
 == B ==
 * [[Questions:ESS Modeling of Earths Interior#q5|basalt]]
 * [[HS-ESS1-2|Big Bang theory]]
 * [[HS-ESS3-3|biodiversity]]
@@ Line 25: / Line 27: @@
 * [[HS-ESS2-7|biosphere feedback]]
 * [[HS-ESS2-4|biosphere]]
 <br>
 == C ==
@@ Line 119: / Line 122: @@
 * [[HS-ESS2-6|geosphere]]
 * [[Questions:ESS Theia and the Moon#q1|giant impact hypothesis]]
 * [[HS-ESS2-4|glacial ice volumes]]
 * [[HS-ESS2-2|glacial ice]]
@@ Line 147: / Line 151: @@
 * [[HS-ESS1-6|impact craters]]
 * [[Questions:ESS Earth's Climate#q2|infrared radiation]]
 * [[Questions:ESS Modeling of Earths Interior#q3|inner core]]
 * [[HS-ESS3-1|interior processes]]
@@ Line 182: / Line 187: @@
 * [[HS-ESS1-1|mass]]
 * [[HS-ESS2-5|mechanical weathering]]
 * [[Questions:ESS Modeling of Earths Interior#q4|metamorphic rock]]
 * [[Questions:ESS Theia and the Moon#q6|meteorite impacts]]
@@ Line 198: / Line 204: @@
 * [[HS-ESS1-4|moon]]
 * [[HS-ESS1-2|motion]]
 * [[HS-ESS2-1|mountain]]
 <br>
@@ Line 227: / Line 234: @@
 * [[HS-ESS1-4|orbital motion]]
 * [[Questions:ESS Effect of The Moon on Earth#q5|orbital velocity]]
 * [[HS-ESS2-1|orogeny]]
 * [[HS-ESS2-3|outer core]]
@@ Line 270: / Line 276: @@
 * [[Questions:ESS Effect of The Moon on Earth#q3|renewable resource]]
 * [[HS-ESS3-2|resource management]]
 * [[HS-ESS2-2|river]]
 * [[HS-ESS2-5|rock cycle]]
@@ Line 276: / Line 281: @@
 <br>
 == S ==
-* salinity
+* [[Questions:ESS Earth's Climate#q3|salinity]]
 * [[HS-ESS1-4|satellites]]
-* sea ice
+* [[Questions:ESS Earth's Climate#q2|sea ice]]
 * [[HS-ESS3-5|sea level rise]]
 * [[HS-ESS3-1|sea level]]
 * [[Questions:ESS Modeling of Earths Interior#q4|sedimentary rock]]
 * [[HS-ESS2-2|sediment transport]]
-* seismic activity
+* [[Questions:ESS Theia and the Moon#q6|seismic activity]]
 * [[HS-ESS2-3|seismic waves]]
 * [[Questions:ESS Theia and the Moon#q6|shallow moonquakes]]
@@ Line 311: / Line 316: @@
 * [[HS-ESS2-5|stream transportation]]
 * [[HS-ESS1-1|sun’s core]]
 * [[HS-ESS1-1|sunspot cycle]]
 * [[HS-ESS1-3|supernova]]
 * [[HS-ESS3-1|surface processes]]
 * [[HS-ESS2-2|surface temperature]]
-* surface trench
+* [[Questions:ESS Theia and the Moon#q4|surface trench]]
 * [[HS-ESS3-2|sustainability]]
 * [[HS-ESS2-2|system feedback]]
@@ Line 330: / Line 334: @@
 * [[Questions:ESS Effect of The Moon on Earth#q6|total solar eclipse]]
 * [[Questions:ESS Modeling of Earths Interior|transition core]]
-* tsunamis
+* [[Questions:ESS Theia and the Moon#q4|tributary]]
 <br>
 == U ==
 * [[HS-ESS1-2|universe]]
 * [[Questions:ESS Modeling of Earths Interior|upper mantle]]
 * [[Questions:ESS Modeling of Earths Interior#q3|uranium]]
@@ Line 343: / Line 346: @@
 * [[Questions:ESS Effect of The Moon on Earth#q6|Vanderpool, Texas]]
 * [[Questions:ESS Modeling of Earths Interior#q2|velocity]]
-* volcanic activity
+* [[Questions:ESS Modeling of Earths Interior#q1|volcanic activity]]
 * [[HS-ESS3-1|volcanic eruptions]]
 * [[HS-ESS2-1|volcanism]]

@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 * [[Questions:ESS Plate Tectonics#q5|accretion]]
 * [[HS-ESS3-3|agricultural efficiency]]
-* albedo
+* [[Questions:ESS Earth's Climate#q3|albedo]]
 * [[Questions:ESS Effect of The Moon on Earth#q6|annular solar eclipse]]
 * [[HS-ESS1-6|ancient minerals]]
 * [[Questions:ESS Earth's Climate#q1|Arctic Ocean]]
-* artificial impacts
+* [[Questions:ESS Theia and the Moon#q6|artificial impacts]]
 * [[Questions:ESS Plate Tectonics#q1|Appalachian Mountains]]
 * [[HS-ESS1-6|asteroids]]
@@ Line 15: / Line 15: @@
 * [[HS-ESS2-6|atmosphere]]
 * [[HS-ESS3-5|atmospheric composition]]
-* atmospheric pressure
+* [[Questions:ESS Earth's Climate#q1|atmospheric pressure]]
 * [[Questions:ESS Effect of The Moon on Earth#q3|auto exhaust]]
 <br>
@@ Line 41: / Line 41: @@
 * [[HS-ESS2-1|coastal erosion]]
 * [[HS-ESS2-7|coevolution]]
-* comets
+* [[Questions:ESS Theia and the Moon#q6|comets]]
 * [[HS-ESS1-2|composition of matter]]
 * [[HS-ESS1-6|composition]]
@@ Line 62: / Line 62: @@
 <br>
 == D ==
 * [[HS-ESS2-6|decomposition]]
 * [[HS-ESS3-1|delta]]
@@ Line 74: / Line 73: @@
 <br>
 == E ==
 * [[HS-ESS1-6|Earth’s formation]]
 * [[HS-ESS2-3|Earth’s layers]]
@@ Line 102: / Line 100: @@
 * [[HS-ESS3-1|fertile soils]]
 * [[Questions:ESS Effect of The Moon on Earth#q4|first quarter moon]]
-* flood basalts
+* [[Questions:ESS Theia and the Moon#q4|flood basalts]]
 * [[HS-ESS3-1|floods]]
 * [[HS-ESS2-4|flow of energy]]
@@ Line 116: / Line 114: @@
 * [[HS-ESS3-4|geoengineering]]
 * [[HS-ESS1-5|geologic history]]
-* geologic processes
+* [[Questions:ESS Theia and the Moon#q4|geologic processes]]
 * [[HS-ESS2-2|geoscience data]]
 * [[HS-ESS2-7|geoscience factors]]
@@ Line 148: / Line 146: @@
 * [[Questions:ESS Modeling of Earths Interior#q4|igneous rock]]
 * [[HS-ESS1-6|impact craters]]
-* infrared radiation
+* [[Questions:ESS Earth's Climate#q2|infrared radiation]]
 * [[Questions:ESS Modeling of Earths Interior#q3|inner core]]
 * [[HS-ESS3-1|interior processes]]
@@ Line 154: / Line 152: @@
 <br>
 == J ==
-* jet stream
+* [[Questions:ESS Earth's Climate#q2|jet stream]]
 * [[Questions:ESS Modeling of Earths Interior#q5|Juan de Fuca ridge model]]
 <br>
@@ Line 170: / Line 168: @@
 * [[HS-ESS2-6|living organisms]]
 * [[Questions:ESS Modeling of Earths Interior|lower mantle]]
-* lunar crust
+* [[Questions:ESS Theia and the Moon#q4|lunar crust]]
 <br>
 == M ==
 * [[Questions:ESS Plate Tectonics#q1|magma]]
 * [[Questions:ESS Plate Tectonics#q3|magnetic polarity]]
 * [[Questions:ESS Modeling of Earths Interior#q1|magnesium silicates]]
@@ Line 186: / Line 183: @@
 * [[HS-ESS2-5|mechanical weathering]]
 * [[Questions:ESS Modeling of Earths Interior#q4|metamorphic rock]]
-* meteorite impacts
+* [[Questions:ESS Theia and the Moon#q6|meteorite impacts]]
 * [[HS-ESS1-6|meteorites]]
-* methane
+* [[Questions:ESS Earth's Climate#q2|methane]]
 * [[HS-ESS2-7|microbial life]]
 * [[HS-ESS1-5|mid‑ocean ridges]]
@@ Line 195: / Line 192: @@
 * [[HS-ESS3-2|mining]]
 * [[HS-ESS1-1|model]]
-* molten rock
+* [[Questions:ESS Theia and the Moon#q6|molten rock]]
-* moon formation
+* [[Questions:ESS Theia and the Moon#q6|moon formation]]
 * [[HS-ESS1-6|moon rocks]]
-* moonquake
+* [[Questions:ESS Theia and the Moon#q6|moonquake]]
 * [[HS-ESS1-4|moon]]
 * [[HS-ESS1-2|motion]]
@@ Line 207: / Line 204: @@
 * [[HS-ESS3-1|natural resources]]
 * [[Questions:ESS Earth's Climate#q2|negative feedback]]
-* nested deep Moonquakes
+* [[Questions:ESS Theia and the Moon#q6|nested deep Moonquakes]]
 * [[HS-ESS1-4|Newtonian gravity]]
 * [[Questions:ESS Effect of The Moon on Earth#q4|new moon]]
@@ Line 242: / Line 239: @@
 * [[Questions:ESS Earth's Climate#q2|permafrost]]
 * [[HS-ESS2-6|photosynthesis]]
-* planetary body
+* [[Questions:ESS Theia and the Moon#q6|planetary body]]
 * [[HS-ESS1-6|planetary surfaces]]
 * [[HS-ESS1-4|planets]]
@@ Line 266: / Line 263: @@
 * [[Questions:ESS Modeling of Earths Interior#q3|radioactive isotopes]]
 * [[HS-ESS1-6|radiometric dating]]
 * [[HS-ESS2-5|recrystallization]]
 * [[HS-ESS3-2|recycling]]
@@ Line 289: / Line 285: @@
 * seismic activity
 * [[HS-ESS2-3|seismic waves]]
-* shallow moonquakes
+* [[Questions:ESS Theia and the Moon#q6|shallow moonquakes]]
 * [[Questions:ESS Modeling of Earths Interior#q1|shear wave velocity]]
 * [[Questions:ESS Modeling of Earths Interior#q3|shield volcano]]
 * [[Questions:ESS Modeling of Earths Interior#q1|silicates]]
 * [[Questions:ESS Plate Tectonics#q2|silicon]]
-* snow cover
+* [[Questions:ESS Theia and the Moon#q6|snow cover]]
 * [[HS-ESS2-2|soil erosion]]
 * [[HS-ESS2-7|soil formation]]
@@ Line 369: / Line 365: @@
 <br>
 == Z ==
-* [[Questions:ESS Plate Tectonics#q1|zircon]]
+* [[Questions:ESS Plate Tectonics#q2|zircon]]
 * [[Questions:ESS Plate Tectonics#q2|zirconium]]
 <br>
 {{Pagecontributors}}
 __NOTOC__