HS-PS4-6

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Use mathematical models to determine relationships among the size and location of images, size and location of objects, and focal lengths of lenses and mirrors.

Clarification statement: Emphasis should be on analyzing ray diagrams to determine image size and location.

Assessment boundary: Assessment is limited to analysis of plane, convex, and concave mirrors, and biconvex and biconcave lenses.

Note: this is a NYSED-specific performance expectation that is different from the Next Generation Science Standards.

Performance Level Descriptions

PLDs communicate the knowledge and skills expected of students to demonstrate proficiency in each Learning Standard. NYS assessments classify student performance into one of five levels.

Level 5Level 4Level 3Level 2Level 1

Use mathematical models, including ray diagrams, to determine relationships among the size and location of images, size and location of objects, and focal lengths for lenses and mirrors.

Use mathematical models to determine relationships among the size and location of images, size and location of objects, and focal lengths of lenses and mirrors.

Use mathematical models and/or ray diagrams to describe the patterns in the change in size and/or location of an image for an object at two or more positions for a lens or mirror with a given focal length.

Use mathematical models or given ray diagrams to identify the patterns in the change in size and/or location of an image for an object at two or more positions for a lens or mirror with a given focal length.

Use mathematical models, patterns, or given ray diagrams to determine the relative size, and/or location of the image and/or focal length for a lens or mirror, or given information or ray diagrams, identify the type of lens or mirror and the type of image formed.

Resources

Examples and discussion of resources for the learning, teaching, and assessment of HS-PS4-6.

This section could be expanded upon. You can help out by adding to this section.

Assessment

What assessment of HS-PS4-6 might look like on a NY state exam.

• Automotive Optics Q2
• Automotive Optics Q3
• Automotive Optics Q4

NGSS Dimensions

Performance expectation HS-PS4-6 was developed using the following elements from the NRC document A Framework for K-12 Science Education:

Science and Engineering Practices

• Using Mathematics and Computational Thinking
  • Use mathematical representations of phenomena or design solutions to describe and/or support claims and/or explanations.

Disciplinary Core Ideas

• PS4.A: Wave Properties
  • (NYSED) The location and size of an image are related to the location and size of an object for a plane mirror. The location and size of an image (real or virtual) are related to the location and size of an object and the focal distance for convex and concave mirrors.
  • (NYSED) The location and size of an image (real or virtual) are related to the location and size of an object and the focal distance for biconvex and biconcave lenses.

Crosscutting Concepts

• Patterns
  • Different patterns may be observed at each of the scales at which a system is studied and can provide evidence for causality in explanations of phenomena.
  • Mathematical representations can be used to identify certain patterns.

Page contributors: Caroline Leonard, Conrad Richman

Physics | HS. Waves and Electromagnetic Radiation