Difference between revisions of "MS-LS4-4"
From NY Science Standards Wiki
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{{Navlinks|MS-LS4-3|MS-LS4-6|← MS-LS4-3|MS-LS4-6 →}}{{learningstandard | {{Navlinks|MS-LS4-3|MS-LS4-6|← MS-LS4-3|MS-LS4-6 →}}{{learningstandard | ||
| + | | topic = Genetic Variation and Survival | ||
| ls = Construct an explanation based on evidence that describes how genetic variations of traits in a population increase some individuals’ probability of surviving and reproducing in a specific | | ls = Construct an explanation based on evidence that describes how genetic variations of traits in a population increase some individuals’ probability of surviving and reproducing in a specific | ||
environment. | environment. | ||
| Line 16: | Line 16: | ||
! style="padding: 0.5em 1.5em;" | Question | ! style="padding: 0.5em 1.5em;" | Question | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | style="background-color:white;" | [[Spring 2026 Grade 8 Science Test|Spring 2026]] | + | | style="background-color:white;" | [[Spring 2026 Grade 8 Science Test|Spring 2026 Grade 8 Test]] |
| style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Giraffe Adaptations and Population Changes|Giraffe Adaptations and Population Changes]] | | style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Giraffe Adaptations and Population Changes|Giraffe Adaptations and Population Changes]] | ||
| style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Giraffe Adaptations and Population Changes#q1|Question 44]] | | style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Giraffe Adaptations and Population Changes#q1|Question 44]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | style="background-color:white;" | [[Spring 2024 Grade 8 Science Test|Spring 2024]] | + | | style="background-color:white;" | [[Spring 2024 Grade 8 Science Test|Spring 2024 Grade 8 Test]] |
| style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Respiration|Respiration]] | | style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Respiration|Respiration]] | ||
| style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Respiration#q5|Question 43]] | | style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Respiration#q5|Question 43]] | ||
|} | |} | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Vocabulary == | ||
| + | Terms from the [[Middle School Science Glossary]] that come from this standard or from the released Grade 8 Science Test questions that assess it. | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class="vocab-subhead">From this standard</div> | ||
| + | <div class="vocab-list" style="column-width:14em;"> | ||
| + | * environment | ||
| + | * evidence | ||
| + | * explanation | ||
| + | * frequency | ||
| + | * generation | ||
| + | * genetic variation | ||
| + | * natural selection | ||
| + | * population | ||
| + | * probability | ||
| + | * probability statement | ||
| + | * proportional reasoning | ||
| + | * reproduction | ||
| + | * survival | ||
| + | * trait | ||
| + | * trait frequency | ||
| + | * variation | ||
| + | </div> | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class="vocab-subhead">From released test questions</div> | ||
| + | <div class="vocab-list" style="column-width:20em;"> | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Giraffe Adaptations and Population Changes#q1|ancestor]] – Spring 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Respiration#q5|asexual reproduction]] – Spring 2024 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Giraffe Adaptations and Population Changes#q1|extinction]] – Spring 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Respiration#q5|favorable trait]] – Spring 2024 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Giraffe Adaptations and Population Changes#q1|fossil evidence]] – Spring 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Respiration#q5|genetic trait]] – Spring 2024 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Giraffe Adaptations and Population Changes#q1|leaf]] – Spring 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Giraffe Adaptations and Population Changes#q1|mammal]] – Spring 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Giraffe Adaptations and Population Changes#q1|savanna]] – Spring 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Giraffe Adaptations and Population Changes#q1|selective breeding]] – Spring 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Respiration#q5|sexual reproduction]] – Spring 2024 | ||
| + | </div> | ||
{{PerformanceLevelMS}} | {{PerformanceLevelMS}} | ||
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| Level2 = Identify the evidence that supports the explanation that a variation in a genetic trait in a given population increases some individuals’ probability of surviving and/or reproducing in a specific environment. | | Level2 = Identify the evidence that supports the explanation that a variation in a genetic trait in a given population increases some individuals’ probability of surviving and/or reproducing in a specific environment. | ||
| Level1 = Identify an explanation based on evidence that describes how a variation in a genetic trait in a given population may cause an increase in some individuals’ probability of surviving and/or reproducing. | | Level1 = Identify an explanation based on evidence that describes how a variation in a genetic trait in a given population may cause an increase in some individuals’ probability of surviving and/or reproducing. | ||
| + | | Example1 = <span class="pld-chip pld-chip-ms">[[Questions:Giraffe Adaptations and Population Changes#q1|Spring 2026 · Q44]]</span> <span class="pld-chip pld-chip-ms">[[Questions:Respiration#q5|Spring 2024 · Q43]]</span> | ||
}} | }} | ||
| Line 65: | Line 104: | ||
| TOPIC = MS. Natural Selection and Adaptations | | TOPIC = MS. Natural Selection and Adaptations | ||
}} | }} | ||
| − | |||
Latest revision as of 09:45, 18 October 2026
Construct an explanation based on evidence that describes how genetic variations of traits in a population increase some individuals’ probability of surviving and reproducing in a specific environment.
Clarification statement: Emphasis is on using simple probability statements and proportional reasoning to construct explanations.
Grade 8 Science Test Questions
Released New York State Grade 8 science test questions that assess MS-LS4-4 are listed here by test and question cluster. Each link opens the question with its answer key.
| Exam | Cluster | Question |
|---|---|---|
| Spring 2026 Grade 8 Test | Giraffe Adaptations and Population Changes | Question 44 |
| Spring 2024 Grade 8 Test | Respiration | Question 43 |
Vocabulary
Terms from the Middle School Science Glossary that come from this standard or from the released Grade 8 Science Test questions that assess it.
From this standard
- environment
- evidence
- explanation
- frequency
- generation
- genetic variation
- natural selection
- population
- probability
- probability statement
- proportional reasoning
- reproduction
- survival
- trait
- trait frequency
- variation
From released test questions
- ancestor – Spring 2026
- asexual reproduction – Spring 2024
- extinction – Spring 2026
- favorable trait – Spring 2024
- fossil evidence – Spring 2026
- genetic trait – Spring 2024
- leaf – Spring 2026
- mammal – Spring 2026
- savanna – Spring 2026
- selective breeding – Spring 2026
- sexual reproduction – Spring 2024
Performance Level Descriptions
Every Grade 8 Science Test question on MS-LS4-4 is written to match one of the performance level descriptions (PLDs) below.
Level 1: Identify an explanation based on evidence that describes how a variation in a genetic trait in a given population may cause an increase in some individuals’ probability of surviving and/or reproducing. Spring 2026 · Q44 Spring 2024 · Q43
Level 2: Identify the evidence that supports the explanation that a variation in a genetic trait in a given population increases some individuals’ probability of surviving and/or reproducing in a specific environment.
Level 3: Construct an explanation based on evidence that describes how genetic variations of traits in a population causes an increase in some individuals’ probability of surviving and reproducing in a specific environment.
Level 4: Construct an explanation based on evidence that describes how genetic variations of traits in a population causes an increase in some individuals’ probability of surviving and reproducing in a specific environment, and explain why these traits would appear more frequently in future generations.
Resources
Examples and discussion of resources for the learning, teaching, and assessment of MS-LS4-4.
This section could be expanded upon. You can help out by adding to this section.
NGSS Dimensions
Performance expectation MS-LS4-4 was developed using the following elements from the NRC document A Framework for K-12 Science Education:
Science and Engineering Practices
- Constructing Explanations and Designing Solutions
- Construct an explanation that includes qualitative or quantitative relationships between variables that describe phenomena.
Disciplinary Core Ideas
- LS4.B: Natural Selection
- (NYSED) Natural selection can lead to an increase in the frequency of some traits and the decrease in the frequency of others.
Crosscutting Concepts
- Cause and Effect
- Phenomena may have more than one cause, and some cause and effect relationships in systems can only be described using probability.