Difference between revisions of "MS-ESS1-2"
From NY Science Standards Wiki
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{{Navlinks|MS-ESS1-1|MS-ESS1-3|← MS-ESS1-1|MS-ESS1-3 →}}{{learningstandard | {{Navlinks|MS-ESS1-1|MS-ESS1-3|← MS-ESS1-1|MS-ESS1-3 →}}{{learningstandard | ||
| + | | topic = Gravity and Orbits | ||
| ls = Develop and use a model to describe the role of gravity in the motions within galaxies and the solar system. | | ls = Develop and use a model to describe the role of gravity in the motions within galaxies and the solar system. | ||
| cs = Emphasis for the model is on gravity as the force that holds together the solar system and Milky Way galaxy and controls orbital motions within them. Examples of models could include physical models (such as a model of the solar system scaled using various measures or computer visualizations of elliptical orbits) or conceptual models (such as mathematical proportions relative to the size of familiar objects such as students’ school or state). | | cs = Emphasis for the model is on gravity as the force that holds together the solar system and Milky Way galaxy and controls orbital motions within them. Examples of models could include physical models (such as a model of the solar system scaled using various measures or computer visualizations of elliptical orbits) or conceptual models (such as mathematical proportions relative to the size of familiar objects such as students’ school or state). | ||
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! style="padding: 0.5em 1.5em;" | Question | ! style="padding: 0.5em 1.5em;" | Question | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | style="background-color:white;" | [[Spring 2026 Grade 8 Science Test|Spring 2026]] | + | | style="background-color:white;" | [[Spring 2026 Grade 8 Science Test|Spring 2026 Grade 8 Test]] |
| style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Scale Properties in Our Solar System|Scale Properties in Our Solar System]] | | style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Scale Properties in Our Solar System|Scale Properties in Our Solar System]] | ||
| style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Scale Properties in Our Solar System#q1|Question 49]] | | style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Scale Properties in Our Solar System#q1|Question 49]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | style="background-color:white;" | [[Spring 2025 Grade 8 Science Test|Spring 2025]] | + | | style="background-color:white;" | [[Spring 2025 Grade 8 Science Test|Spring 2025 Grade 8 Test]] |
| style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Observing Jupiter|Observing Jupiter]] | | style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Observing Jupiter|Observing Jupiter]] | ||
| style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Observing Jupiter#q4|Question 17]] | | style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Observing Jupiter#q4|Question 17]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | style="background-color:white;" | [[Spring 2024 Grade 8 Science Test|Spring 2024]] | + | | style="background-color:white;" | [[Spring 2024 Grade 8 Science Test|Spring 2024 Grade 8 Test]] |
| style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Gravitational Forces|Gravitational Forces]] | | style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Gravitational Forces|Gravitational Forces]] | ||
| style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Gravitational Forces#q5|Question 32]] | | style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Gravitational Forces#q5|Question 32]] | ||
|} | |} | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Vocabulary == | ||
| + | Terms from the [[Middle School Science Glossary]] that come from this standard or from the released Grade 8 Science Test questions that assess it. | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class="vocab-subhead">From this standard</div> | ||
| + | <div class="vocab-list" style="column-width:14em;"> | ||
| + | * apparent retrograde motion | ||
| + | * asteroid | ||
| + | * comet | ||
| + | * conceptual model | ||
| + | * elliptical orbit | ||
| + | * force | ||
| + | * formation of the solar system | ||
| + | * galaxy | ||
| + | * gravitational pull | ||
| + | * gravity | ||
| + | * Kepler's laws | ||
| + | * model | ||
| + | * moon | ||
| + | * orbit | ||
| + | * orbital motion | ||
| + | * physical model | ||
| + | * planet | ||
| + | * qualitative | ||
| + | * quantitative | ||
| + | * retrograde motion | ||
| + | * scale model | ||
| + | * solar system | ||
| + | * universe | ||
| + | </div> | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class="vocab-subhead">From released test questions</div> | ||
| + | <div class="vocab-list" style="column-width:20em;"> | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Scale Properties in Our Solar System#q1|circular orbit]] – Spring 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Scale Properties in Our Solar System#q1|claim]] – Spring 2026, [[Questions:Observing Jupiter#q4|Spring 2025]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Scale Properties in Our Solar System#q1|equatorial diameter]] – Spring 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Observing Jupiter#q4|evidence]] – Spring 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Scale Properties in Our Solar System#q1|gravitational field]] – Spring 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Scale Properties in Our Solar System#q1|gravitational force]] – Spring 2026, [[Questions:Observing Jupiter#q4|Spring 2025]], [[Questions:Gravitational Forces#q5|Spring 2024]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Observing Jupiter#q4|interact at a distance]] – Spring 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Gravitational Forces#q5|interaction]] – Spring 2024 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Scale Properties in Our Solar System#q1|mass]] – Spring 2026, [[Questions:Observing Jupiter#q4|Spring 2025]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Scale Properties in Our Solar System#q1|orbital path]] – Spring 2026, [[Questions:Gravitational Forces#q5|Spring 2024]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Observing Jupiter#q4|revolve]] – Spring 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Scale Properties in Our Solar System#q1|scale]] – Spring 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Observing Jupiter#q4|solar system object]] – Spring 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Scale Properties in Our Solar System#q1|speed]] – Spring 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Scale Properties in Our Solar System#q1|stable orbit]] – Spring 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Gravitational Forces#q5|telescope]] – Spring 2024 | ||
| + | </div> | ||
{{PerformanceLevelMS}} | {{PerformanceLevelMS}} | ||
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| Level3 = Develop and use a model to describe the role of gravity in the motions within galaxies and the solar system. | | Level3 = Develop and use a model to describe the role of gravity in the motions within galaxies and the solar system. | ||
| Level2 = Given a model, describe the role of gravity in the motions within galaxies and/or the solar system. | | Level2 = Given a model, describe the role of gravity in the motions within galaxies and/or the solar system. | ||
| + | | Example2 = <span class="pld-chip pld-chip-ms">[[Questions:Scale Properties in Our Solar System#q1|Spring 2026 · Q49]]</span> <span class="pld-chip pld-chip-ms">[[Questions:Observing Jupiter#q4|Spring 2025 · Q17]]</span> <span class="pld-chip pld-chip-ms">[[Questions:Gravitational Forces#q5|Spring 2024 · Q32]]</span> | ||
| Level1 = Given a model, identify the force that controls motions within galaxies and/or the solar system. | | Level1 = Given a model, identify the force that controls motions within galaxies and/or the solar system. | ||
}} | }} | ||
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| TOPIC = MS. Space Systems | | TOPIC = MS. Space Systems | ||
}} | }} | ||
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Latest revision as of 09:45, 18 October 2026
Develop and use a model to describe the role of gravity in the motions within galaxies and the solar system.
Clarification statement: Emphasis for the model is on gravity as the force that holds together the solar system and Milky Way galaxy and controls orbital motions within them. Examples of models could include physical models (such as a model of the solar system scaled using various measures or computer visualizations of elliptical orbits) or conceptual models (such as mathematical proportions relative to the size of familiar objects such as students’ school or state).
Assessment boundary: Assessment does not include Kepler’s Laws of orbital motion or the apparent retrograde motion of the planets as viewed from Earth.
Grade 8 Science Test Questions
Released New York State Grade 8 science test questions that assess MS-ESS1-2 are listed here by test and question cluster. Each link opens the question with its answer key.
Vocabulary
Terms from the Middle School Science Glossary that come from this standard or from the released Grade 8 Science Test questions that assess it.
From this standard
- apparent retrograde motion
- asteroid
- comet
- conceptual model
- elliptical orbit
- force
- formation of the solar system
- galaxy
- gravitational pull
- gravity
- Kepler's laws
- model
- moon
- orbit
- orbital motion
- physical model
- planet
- qualitative
- quantitative
- retrograde motion
- scale model
- solar system
- universe
From released test questions
- circular orbit – Spring 2026
- claim – Spring 2026, Spring 2025
- equatorial diameter – Spring 2026
- evidence – Spring 2025
- gravitational field – Spring 2026
- gravitational force – Spring 2026, Spring 2025, Spring 2024
- interact at a distance – Spring 2025
- interaction – Spring 2024
- mass – Spring 2026, Spring 2025
- orbital path – Spring 2026, Spring 2024
- revolve – Spring 2025
- scale – Spring 2026
- solar system object – Spring 2025
- speed – Spring 2026
- stable orbit – Spring 2026
- telescope – Spring 2024
Performance Level Descriptions
Every Grade 8 Science Test question on MS-ESS1-2 is written to match one of the performance level descriptions (PLDs) below.
Level 1: Given a model, identify the force that controls motions within galaxies and/or the solar system.
Level 2: Given a model, describe the role of gravity in the motions within galaxies and/or the solar system. Spring 2026 · Q49 Spring 2025 · Q17 Spring 2024 · Q32
Level 3: Develop and use a model to describe the role of gravity in the motions within galaxies and the solar system.
Level 4: Develop and use a model to describe the role of gravity, both qualitatively and quantitatively, in the formation and motions within galaxies and the solar system.
Resources
Examples and discussion of resources for the learning, teaching, and assessment of MS-ESS1-2.
This section could be expanded upon. You can help out by adding to this section.
NGSS Dimensions
Performance expectation MS-ESS1-2 was developed using the following elements from the NRC document A Framework for K-12 Science Education:
Science and Engineering Practices
- Developing and Using Models
- Develop and use a model to describe phenomena.
Disciplinary Core Ideas
- ESS1.A: The Universe and Its Stars
- Earth and its solar system are part of the Milky Way galaxy, which is one of many galaxies in the universe.
- ESS1.B: Earth and the Solar System
- (NYSED) The solar system consists of the Sun and a collection of objects, including planets, their moons, comets, and asteroids that are held in orbit around the Sun by its gravitational pull on them.
- The solar system appears to have formed from a disk of dust and gas, drawn together by gravity.
Crosscutting Concepts
- Systems and System Models
- Models can be used to represent systems and their interactions—such as inputs, processes and outputs—and energy and matter flows within systems.