Difference between revisions of "MS-ESS1-4"
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{{Navlinks|MS-ESS1-3|MS-ESS2-2|← MS-ESS1-3|MS-ESS2-2 →}} | {{Navlinks|MS-ESS1-3|MS-ESS2-2|← MS-ESS1-3|MS-ESS2-2 →}} | ||
{{learningstandard | {{learningstandard | ||
| + | | topic = Geologic Timescale | ||
| ls = Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic timescale is used to organize Earth’s 4.6-billion-year-old history. | | ls = Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic timescale is used to organize Earth’s 4.6-billion-year-old history. | ||
| cs = Emphasis is on how analyses of rock formations and the fossils they contain are used to establish relative ages of major events in Earth’s history. Examples of Earth’s major events or evidence could include very recent events or evidence (such as the last Ice Age or the earliest fossils of Homo sapiens) to very old events or evidence (such as the formation of Earth or the earliest evidence of life). Examples of evidence could include the formation of mountain chains and ocean basins, the evolution or extinction of particular living organisms, or significant volcanic eruptions. | | cs = Emphasis is on how analyses of rock formations and the fossils they contain are used to establish relative ages of major events in Earth’s history. Examples of Earth’s major events or evidence could include very recent events or evidence (such as the last Ice Age or the earliest fossils of Homo sapiens) to very old events or evidence (such as the formation of Earth or the earliest evidence of life). Examples of evidence could include the formation of mountain chains and ocean basins, the evolution or extinction of particular living organisms, or significant volcanic eruptions. | ||
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! style="padding: 0.5em 1.5em;" | Question | ! style="padding: 0.5em 1.5em;" | Question | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | style="background-color:white;" | [[Spring 2025 Grade 8 Science Test|Spring 2025]] | + | | style="background-color:white;" | [[Spring 2025 Grade 8 Science Test|Spring 2025 Grade 8 Test]] |
| style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Earth's Tectonic Plates|Earth's Tectonic Plates]] | | style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Earth's Tectonic Plates|Earth's Tectonic Plates]] | ||
| style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Earth's Tectonic Plates#q3|Question 30]] | | style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Earth's Tectonic Plates#q3|Question 30]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | rowspan="3" style="background-color:white;" | [[Middle School Sample Question Clusters| | + | | rowspan="3" style="background-color:white;" | [[Middle School Sample Question Clusters|Middle school sample clusters]] |
| style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Fossil Parks in New York State|Fossil Parks in New York State]] | | style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Fossil Parks in New York State|Fossil Parks in New York State]] | ||
| style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Fossil Parks in New York State#q1|Question 1]] | | style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Fossil Parks in New York State#q1|Question 1]] | ||
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| style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Fossil Parks in New York State#q5|Question 5]] | | style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Fossil Parks in New York State#q5|Question 5]] | ||
|} | |} | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Vocabulary == | ||
| + | Terms from the [[Middle School Science Glossary]] that come from this standard or from the released Grade 8 Science Test questions that assess it. | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class="vocab-subhead">From this standard</div> | ||
| + | <div class="vocab-list" style="column-width:14em;"> | ||
| + | * absolute age | ||
| + | * absolute scale | ||
| + | * Earth's history | ||
| + | * evidence | ||
| + | * evolution | ||
| + | * extinction | ||
| + | * formation of Earth | ||
| + | * fossil | ||
| + | * fossil record | ||
| + | * geologic epoch | ||
| + | * geologic event | ||
| + | * geologic period | ||
| + | * geologic time scale | ||
| + | * half-life | ||
| + | * ice age | ||
| + | * index fossil | ||
| + | * mountain chain | ||
| + | * ocean basin | ||
| + | * radiometric dating | ||
| + | * relative age | ||
| + | * relative date | ||
| + | * rock formation | ||
| + | * rock strata | ||
| + | * scientific explanation | ||
| + | * volcanic eruption | ||
| + | </div> | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class="vocab-subhead">From released test questions</div> | ||
| + | <div class="vocab-list" style="column-width:20em;"> | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Earth's Tectonic Plates#q3|bedrock]] – Spring 2025, [[Questions:Fossil Parks in New York State#q5|Sample]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Fossil Parks in New York State#q1|claim]] – Sample | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Fossil Parks in New York State#q1|continent]] – Sample | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Fossil Parks in New York State#q5|cross-section]] – Sample | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Fossil Parks in New York State#q1|deposition]] – Sample | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Fossil Parks in New York State#q1|Earth's surface]] – Sample | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Fossil Parks in New York State#q3|elevation]] – Sample | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Fossil Parks in New York State#q1|environment]] – Sample | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Fossil Parks in New York State#q1|equator]] – Sample | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Fossil Parks in New York State#q1|erosion]] – Sample | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Fossil Parks in New York State#q5|geologic age]] – Sample | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Fossil Parks in New York State#q3|geologic history]] – Sample | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Fossil Parks in New York State#q1|inference]] – Sample | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Fossil Parks in New York State#q1|limestone]] – Sample | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Earth's Tectonic Plates#q3|map]] – Spring 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Fossil Parks in New York State#q1|marine fossil]] – Sample | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Fossil Parks in New York State#q1|marine organism]] – Sample | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Fossil Parks in New York State#q1|ocean]] – Sample | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Earth's Tectonic Plates#q3|ocean floor]] – Spring 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Fossil Parks in New York State#q1|rock layer]] – Sample | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Fossil Parks in New York State#q1|sandstone]] – Sample | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Fossil Parks in New York State#q1|sea level]] – Sample | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Fossil Parks in New York State#q1|sediment]] – Sample | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Fossil Parks in New York State#q1|sedimentary rock]] – Sample | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Fossil Parks in New York State#q1|shale]] – Sample | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Earth's Tectonic Plates#q3|tectonic plate]] – Spring 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Fossil Parks in New York State#q1|uplift]] – Sample | ||
| + | </div> | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class="vocab-subhead">Implied by this standard</div> | ||
| + | <div class="vocab-list"> | ||
| + | * law of superposition – implied by "evidence from rock strata" used "to establish relative ages of major events in Earth’s history" | ||
| + | * relative dating and absolute dating – implied by "provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale" | ||
| + | </div> | ||
{{PerformanceLevelMS}} | {{PerformanceLevelMS}} | ||
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| Level3 = Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth’s 4.6-billion-year-old history. | | Level3 = Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth’s 4.6-billion-year-old history. | ||
| Level2 = Given a scientific explanation, use evidence from rock strata to determine that rock formations and the fossils they contain are used to establish relative ages of major events in Earth’s history. | | Level2 = Given a scientific explanation, use evidence from rock strata to determine that rock formations and the fossils they contain are used to establish relative ages of major events in Earth’s history. | ||
| + | | Example2 = <span class="pld-chip pld-chip-ms">[[Questions:Earth's Tectonic Plates#q3|Spring 2025 · Q30]]</span> <span class="pld-chip pld-chip-ms">[[Questions:Fossil Parks in New York State#q1|Sample · Fossil Parks in New York State Q1]]</span> <span class="pld-chip pld-chip-ms">[[Questions:Fossil Parks in New York State#q5|Sample · Fossil Parks in New York State Q5]]</span> | ||
| Level1 = Given evidence from rock strata, identify the explanation, from those provided, that the analysis of rock formation and the fossils they contain are used to establish relative ages of major events in Earth’s history. | | Level1 = Given evidence from rock strata, identify the explanation, from those provided, that the analysis of rock formation and the fossils they contain are used to establish relative ages of major events in Earth’s history. | ||
| + | | Example1 = <span class="pld-chip pld-chip-ms">[[Questions:Fossil Parks in New York State#q3|Sample · Fossil Parks in New York State Q3]]</span> | ||
}} | }} | ||
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| TOPIC = MS. History of Earth | | TOPIC = MS. History of Earth | ||
}} | }} | ||
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Latest revision as of 09:45, 18 October 2026
Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic timescale is used to organize Earth’s 4.6-billion-year-old history.
Clarification statement: Emphasis is on how analyses of rock formations and the fossils they contain are used to establish relative ages of major events in Earth’s history. Examples of Earth’s major events or evidence could include very recent events or evidence (such as the last Ice Age or the earliest fossils of Homo sapiens) to very old events or evidence (such as the formation of Earth or the earliest evidence of life). Examples of evidence could include the formation of mountain chains and ocean basins, the evolution or extinction of particular living organisms, or significant volcanic eruptions.
Assessment boundary: Assessment does not include recalling the names of specific periods or epochs and events within them, radiometric dating using half-lives, and defining index fossils.
Grade 8 Science Test Questions
Released New York State Grade 8 science test questions that assess MS-ESS1-4 are listed here by test and question cluster. Each link opens the question with its answer key.
Vocabulary
Terms from the Middle School Science Glossary that come from this standard or from the released Grade 8 Science Test questions that assess it.
From this standard
- absolute age
- absolute scale
- Earth's history
- evidence
- evolution
- extinction
- formation of Earth
- fossil
- fossil record
- geologic epoch
- geologic event
- geologic period
- geologic time scale
- half-life
- ice age
- index fossil
- mountain chain
- ocean basin
- radiometric dating
- relative age
- relative date
- rock formation
- rock strata
- scientific explanation
- volcanic eruption
From released test questions
- bedrock – Spring 2025, Sample
- claim – Sample
- continent – Sample
- cross-section – Sample
- deposition – Sample
- Earth's surface – Sample
- elevation – Sample
- environment – Sample
- equator – Sample
- erosion – Sample
- geologic age – Sample
- geologic history – Sample
- inference – Sample
- limestone – Sample
- map – Spring 2025
- marine fossil – Sample
- marine organism – Sample
- ocean – Sample
- ocean floor – Spring 2025
- rock layer – Sample
- sandstone – Sample
- sea level – Sample
- sediment – Sample
- sedimentary rock – Sample
- shale – Sample
- tectonic plate – Spring 2025
- uplift – Sample
Implied by this standard
- law of superposition – implied by "evidence from rock strata" used "to establish relative ages of major events in Earth’s history"
- relative dating and absolute dating – implied by "provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale"
Performance Level Descriptions
Every Grade 8 Science Test question on MS-ESS1-4 is written to match one of the performance level descriptions (PLDs) below.
Level 1: Given evidence from rock strata, identify the explanation, from those provided, that the analysis of rock formation and the fossils they contain are used to establish relative ages of major events in Earth’s history. Sample · Fossil Parks in New York State Q3
Level 2: Given a scientific explanation, use evidence from rock strata to determine that rock formations and the fossils they contain are used to establish relative ages of major events in Earth’s history. Spring 2025 · Q30 Sample · Fossil Parks in New York State Q1 Sample · Fossil Parks in New York State Q5
Level 3: Construct a scientific explanation based on evidence from rock strata for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth’s 4.6-billion-year-old history.
Level 4: Construct a scientific explanation, based on evidence from multiple sources, for how the geologic time scale is used to organize Earth’s 4.6-billion-year-old history, and determine patterns of relative age for rock strata, fossils and past geologic events.
Resources
Examples and discussion of resources for the learning, teaching, and assessment of MS-ESS1-4.
This section could be expanded upon. You can help out by adding to this section.
NGSS Dimensions
Performance expectation MS-ESS1-4 was developed using the following elements from the NRC document A Framework for K-12 Science Education:
Science and Engineering Practices
- Constructing Explanations and Designing Solutions
- Construct a scientific explanation based on valid and reliable evidence obtained from sources (including the students’ own experiments) and the assumption that theories and laws that describe the natural world operate today as they did in the past.
Disciplinary Core Ideas
- ESS1.C: The History of Planet Earth
- The geologic time scale interpreted from rock strata provides a way to organize Earth’s history. Analyses of rock strata and the fossil record provide only relative dates, not an absolute scale.
Crosscutting Concepts
- Scale, Proportion, and Quantity
- Time, space, and energy phenomena can be observed at various scales using models to study systems that are too large or too small.