Difference between revisions of "HS-LS4-3"

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{{Navlinks|HS-LS4-2|HS-LS4-4|← HS-LS4-2|HS-LS4-4 →}}
 
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| topic = Natural Selection and Traits
 
| ls = Apply concepts of statistics and probability to support explanations that organisms with an advantageous
 
| ls = Apply concepts of statistics and probability to support explanations that organisms with an advantageous
 
heritable trait tend to increase in proportion to organisms lacking this trait.
 
heritable trait tend to increase in proportion to organisms lacking this trait.
 
| cs = Emphasis is on analyzing shifts in numerical distribution of traits and using these shifts as evidence to support explanations.
 
| cs = Emphasis is on analyzing shifts in numerical distribution of traits and using these shifts as evidence to support explanations.
 
| ab = Assessment is limited to basic statistical and graphical analysis. Assessment does not include allele frequency calculations.
 
| ab = Assessment is limited to basic statistical and graphical analysis. Assessment does not include allele frequency calculations.
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}}
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== {{Assessmentheading}} ==
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{{assessmentmessage}}
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{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%; text-align:center"
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! style="padding: 0.5em 1.5em;" | Exam
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! style="padding: 0.5em 1.5em;" | Cluster
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! style="padding: 0.5em 1.5em;" | Question
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|-
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| rowspan="2" style="background-color:white;" | [[August 2026 Life Science: Biology Exam|August 2026 Biology Regents]]
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| style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Colorful Guppies|Colorful Guppies]]
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| style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Colorful Guppies#q3|Question 19]]
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|-
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| style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Colorful Guppies|Colorful Guppies]]
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| style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Colorful Guppies#q5|Question 21]]
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|-
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| style="background-color:white;" | [[January 2026 Life Science: Biology Exam|January 2026 Biology Regents]]
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| style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:A Hard Pest to Manage|A Hard Pest to Manage]]
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| style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:A Hard Pest to Manage#q1|Question 19]]
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|-
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| style="background-color:white;" | [[August 2025 Life Science: Biology Exam|August 2025 Biology Regents]]
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| style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Strategies for Survival in Different Animal Species|Strategies for Survival in Different Animal Species]]
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| style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Strategies for Survival in Different Animal Species#q4|Question 8]]
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|-
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| style="background-color:white;" | [[June 2025 Life Science: Biology Exam|June 2025 Biology Regents]]
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| style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Keystone Species: Black-Tailed Prairie Dogs|Keystone Species: Black-Tailed Prairie Dogs]]
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| style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Keystone Species: Black-Tailed Prairie Dogs#q3|Question 40]]
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|}
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== Vocabulary ==
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Terms from the [[Biology Glossary]] that come from this standard or from the released exam questions that assess it.
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<div class="vocab-subhead">From this standard</div>
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<div class="vocab-list" style="column-width:14em;">
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* adaptation
 +
* advantageous heritable trait
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* allele
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* correlation (versus cause)
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* differential survival and reproduction
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* environmental factor
 +
* frequency
 +
* generation
 +
* genetic information
 +
* heritable trait
 +
* natural selection
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* population
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* population shift
 +
* probability
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* proportion
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* statistics
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* survival
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* trait
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* trend
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* variation
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</div>
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<div class="vocab-subhead">From released exam questions</div>
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<div class="vocab-list" style="column-width:20em;">
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* [[Questions:A Hard Pest to Manage#q1|breeding]] – Jan 2026
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* [[Questions:Keystone Species: Black-Tailed Prairie Dogs#q3|claim]] – June 2025
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* [[Questions:Keystone Species: Black-Tailed Prairie Dogs#q3|Colorado]] – June 2025
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* [[Questions:Colorful Guppies#q5|coloration]] – Aug 2026
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* [[Questions:Keystone Species: Black-Tailed Prairie Dogs#q3|disease]] – June 2025
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* [[Questions:Keystone Species: Black-Tailed Prairie Dogs#q3|fluctuation]] – June 2025
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* [[Questions:Keystone Species: Black-Tailed Prairie Dogs#q3|infection]] – June 2025
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* [[Questions:A Hard Pest to Manage#q1|invasive species]] – Jan 2026
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* [[Questions:Colorful Guppies#q3|investigation]] – Aug 2026
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* [[Questions:A Hard Pest to Manage#q1|larva]] – Jan 2026
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* [[Questions:Keystone Species: Black-Tailed Prairie Dogs#q3|mammal]] – June 2025
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* [[Questions:A Hard Pest to Manage#q1|pest]] – Jan 2026
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* [[Questions:A Hard Pest to Manage#q1|pesticide]] – Jan 2026
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* [[Questions:Keystone Species: Black-Tailed Prairie Dogs#q3|plague (Sylvatic Plague)]] – June 2025
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* [[Questions:Colorful Guppies#q3|predation]] – Aug 2026
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* [[Questions:Colorful Guppies#q3|predator]] – Aug 2026
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* [[Questions:A Hard Pest to Manage#q1|resistance (to a pesticide or treatment)]] – Jan 2026
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* [[Questions:Strategies for Survival in Different Animal Species#q4|survivorship curve]] – Aug 2025
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</div>
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<div class="vocab-subhead">Implied by this standard</div>
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<div class="vocab-list">
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* fitness – implied by "anatomically, behaviorally, and physiologically well suited to survive and reproduce in a specific environment"
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</div>
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{{PerformanceLevel}}
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{{PLTable
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| Level5 = Apply concepts of statistics and probability to support explanations and predict patterns that organisms with an advantageous heritable trait tend to increase in proportion to organisms lacking this trait.
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| Level4 = Apply concepts of statistics and probability to support explanations that organisms with an advantageous heritable trait tend to increase in proportion to organisms lacking this trait.
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| Example4 = <span class="pld-chip pld-chip-bio">[[Questions:Keystone Species: Black-Tailed Prairie Dogs#q3|June 2025 · Q40]]</span>
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| Level3 = Apply mathematical concepts to support an explanation and/or identify a pattern to describe a trend in a trait in a population over time (based on environmental factors).
 +
| Example3 = <span class="pld-chip pld-chip-bio">[[Questions:A Hard Pest to Manage#q1|Jan 2026 · Q19]]</span> <span class="pld-chip pld-chip-bio">[[Questions:Strategies for Survival in Different Animal Species#q4|Aug 2025 · Q8]]</span>
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| Level2 = Use a given mathematical representation to describe a pattern and/or describe a trend in a trait in a population over time.
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| Example2 = <span class="pld-chip pld-chip-bio">[[Questions:Colorful Guppies#q3|Aug 2026 · Q19]]</span>
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| Level1 = Use a given mathematical representation, from those provided, to identify a pattern in a trait in a population over time.
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| Example1 = <span class="pld-chip pld-chip-bio">[[Questions:Colorful Guppies#q5|Aug 2026 · Q21]]</span>
 
}}
 
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{{Dimensionstable
 
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| SEP1 =  
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| SEP1 = Analyzing and Interpreting Data
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| DCI1 =  
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* Apply concepts of statistics and probability (including determining function fits to data, slope, intercept, and correlation coefficient for linear fits) to scientific and engineering questions and problems, using digital tools when feasible.
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| CC1 =  
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| DCI1 = LS4.B: Natural Selection
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* Natural selection occurs only if there is both (1) variation in the genetic information between organisms in a population and (2) variation in the expression of that genetic information – that is, trait variation – that leads to differences in performance among individuals.
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* The traits that positively affect survival are more likely to be reproduced and thus are more common in the population.
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| DCI3 = LS4.C: Adaptation
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* Natural selection leads to adaptation that is, to a population dominated by organisms that are anatomically, behaviorally, and physiologically well suited to survive and reproduce in a specific environment. That is, the differential survival and reproduction of organisms in a population that have an advantageous heritable trait leads to an increase in the proportion of individuals in future generations that have the trait and to a decrease in the proportion of individuals that do not.
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* Adaptation also means that the distribution of traits in a population can change when conditions change.
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| CC1 = Patterns
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* Different patterns may be observed at each of the scales at which a system is studied and can provide evidence for causality in explanations of phenomena.
 
}}
 
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Latest revision as of 09:46, 18 October 2026

← HS-LS4-2
HS-LS4-4 →

Apply concepts of statistics and probability to support explanations that organisms with an advantageous heritable trait tend to increase in proportion to organisms lacking this trait.

Clarification statement: Emphasis is on analyzing shifts in numerical distribution of traits and using these shifts as evidence to support explanations.

Assessment boundary: Assessment is limited to basic statistical and graphical analysis. Assessment does not include allele frequency calculations.

Regents Exam Questions

Released New York State Regents exam questions that assess HS-LS4-3 are listed here by exam and question cluster. Each link opens the question with its answer key.

Exam Cluster Question
August 2026 Biology Regents Colorful Guppies Question 19
Colorful Guppies Question 21
January 2026 Biology Regents A Hard Pest to Manage Question 19
August 2025 Biology Regents Strategies for Survival in Different Animal Species Question 8
June 2025 Biology Regents Keystone Species: Black-Tailed Prairie Dogs Question 40

Vocabulary

Terms from the Biology Glossary that come from this standard or from the released exam questions that assess it.

From this standard
  • adaptation
  • advantageous heritable trait
  • allele
  • correlation (versus cause)
  • differential survival and reproduction
  • environmental factor
  • frequency
  • generation
  • genetic information
  • heritable trait
  • natural selection
  • population
  • population shift
  • probability
  • proportion
  • statistics
  • survival
  • trait
  • trend
  • variation
From released exam questions
Implied by this standard
  • fitness – implied by "anatomically, behaviorally, and physiologically well suited to survive and reproduce in a specific environment"

Performance Level Descriptions

Every Regents exam question on HS-LS4-3 is written to match one of the performance level descriptions (PLDs) below.

Level 1: Use a given mathematical representation, from those provided, to identify a pattern in a trait in a population over time. Aug 2026 · Q21
Level 2: Use a given mathematical representation to describe a pattern and/or describe a trend in a trait in a population over time. Aug 2026 · Q19
Level 3: Apply mathematical concepts to support an explanation and/or identify a pattern to describe a trend in a trait in a population over time (based on environmental factors). Jan 2026 · Q19 Aug 2025 · Q8
Level 4: Apply concepts of statistics and probability to support explanations that organisms with an advantageous heritable trait tend to increase in proportion to organisms lacking this trait. June 2025 · Q40
Level 5: Apply concepts of statistics and probability to support explanations and predict patterns that organisms with an advantageous heritable trait tend to increase in proportion to organisms lacking this trait.
Notice: PLD levels!

Resources

Examples and discussion of resources for the learning, teaching, and assessment of HS-LS4-3.

Pixel beaver This section could be expanded upon. You can help out by adding to this section.


NGSS Dimensions

Performance expectation HS-LS4-3 was developed using the following elements from the NRC document A Framework for K-12 Science Education:

Science and Engineering Practices
  • Analyzing and Interpreting Data
    • Apply concepts of statistics and probability (including determining function fits to data, slope, intercept, and correlation coefficient for linear fits) to scientific and engineering questions and problems, using digital tools when feasible.
Disciplinary Core Ideas
  • LS4.B: Natural Selection
    • Natural selection occurs only if there is both (1) variation in the genetic information between organisms in a population and (2) variation in the expression of that genetic information – that is, trait variation – that leads to differences in performance among individuals.
    • The traits that positively affect survival are more likely to be reproduced and thus are more common in the population.
  • LS4.C: Adaptation
    • Natural selection leads to adaptation that is, to a population dominated by organisms that are anatomically, behaviorally, and physiologically well suited to survive and reproduce in a specific environment. That is, the differential survival and reproduction of organisms in a population that have an advantageous heritable trait leads to an increase in the proportion of individuals in future generations that have the trait and to a decrease in the proportion of individuals that do not.
    • Adaptation also means that the distribution of traits in a population can change when conditions change.
Crosscutting Concepts
  • Patterns
    • Different patterns may be observed at each of the scales at which a system is studied and can provide evidence for causality in explanations of phenomena.
Page contributors: Conrad Richman, Caroline Leonard
Biology | HS. Natural Selection and Evolution
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