HS-PS1-9

← HS-PS1-8

HS-PS1-10 →

Analyze data to support the claim that the combined gas law describes the relationships among volume, pressure, and temperature for a sample of an ideal gas.

Clarification statement: Real gases may be included at conditions near STP. The relationships of the variables in the combined gas law may be described both qualitatively and quantitatively.

Assessment boundary: Assessment is limited to the relationships among the variables of the combined gas law, not the gas law names, i.e. Boyle’s Law.

Note: this is a NYSED-specific performance expectation that is different from the Next Generation Science Standards.

Performance Level Descriptions

PLDs communicate the knowledge and skills expected of students to demonstrate proficiency in each Learning Standard. NYS assessments classify student performance into one of five levels.

☐

Level 1: Use data/information to identify the relationship between two variables in the combined gas law when the third variable and molar quantity are held constant.

☐

Level 2: Given data, construct a mathematical representation and/or calculate the value of an unknown variable in the combined gas law when the molar quantity is held constant.

☐

Level 3: Use data/information that provides evidence to make and/or support a claim about the relationship between two variables in the combined gas law when the third variable and molar quantity are held constant.

☐

Level 4: Analyze data to support the claim that the combined gas law describes the relationships among volume, pressure, and temperature for a sample of an ideal gas.

☐

Level 5: Plan and conduct an investigation to gather and analyze data that validates the claim that the combined gas law describes the relationships among volume, pressure, and temperature for a sample of an ideal gas

Resources

Examples and discussion of resources for the learning, teaching, and assessment of HS-PS1-9.

This section could be expanded upon. You can help out by adding to this section.

Assessment

What assessment of HS-PS1-9 might look like on a NY state exam.

Exam	Cluster	Question
August 2026	Parade of Balloons	Question 41
	Parade of Balloons	Question 42
June 2026	Balloon Arches	Question 23
	Balloon Arches	Question 26

NGSS Dimensions

Performance expectation HS-PS1-9 was developed using the following elements from the NRC document A Framework for K-12 Science Education:

Science and Engineering Practices

• Analyzing and Interpreting Data
  • Analyze data using tools, technologies, and/or models (e.g., computational, mathematical) in order to make valid and reliable scientific claims or determine an optimal design solution.

Disciplinary Core Ideas

• PS1.A: Structure and Properties of Matter
  • (NYSED) The concept of an ideal gas is a model to explain behavior of gases. A real gas is most like an ideal gas when the real gas is at low pressure and high temperature.

Crosscutting Concepts

• Patterns
  • Mathematical representations can be used to identify certain patterns.

Page contributors: Conrad Richman, Caroline Leonard

Chemistry | HS. Structure and Properties of Matter