Difference between revisions of "HS-PS4-4"
From NY Science Standards Wiki
(Reorder sections: Assessment, then Performance Level Descriptions, then Resources) |
(Add Vocabulary section (terms from the standard, from released chemistry exam questions, and implied), matching HS-PS1-1) |
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| Level1 = Based on evidence, identify the frequency, wavelength, relative energy, or effect on matter of electromagnetic radiation when one of these is provided. | | Level1 = Based on evidence, identify the frequency, wavelength, relative energy, or effect on matter of electromagnetic radiation when one of these is provided. | ||
}} | }} | ||
| + | == Vocabulary == | ||
| + | Terms that come from this standard or from the released exam questions that assess it, listed by subject. Chemistry terms are from the [[Chemistry Glossary]]. | ||
| + | |||
| + | '''<big>Chemistry</big>''' | ||
| + | <div class="vocab-subhead">From this standard</div> | ||
| + | <div class="vocab-list" style="column-width:14em;"> | ||
| + | * absorption (of electromagnetic radiation) | ||
| + | * atom | ||
| + | * bias | ||
| + | * claim | ||
| + | * electromagnetic radiation | ||
| + | * energy | ||
| + | * evidence | ||
| + | * frequency | ||
| + | * gamma rays | ||
| + | * heat | ||
| + | * heat energy | ||
| + | * living cell | ||
| + | * matter | ||
| + | * photon | ||
| + | * qualitative | ||
| + | * radiation | ||
| + | * reasoning | ||
| + | * reliability | ||
| + | * system | ||
| + | * thermal energy | ||
| + | * ultraviolet radiation | ||
| + | * validity | ||
| + | * wavelength | ||
| + | * X-rays | ||
| + | </div> | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class="vocab-subhead">From released exam questions</div> | ||
| + | <div class="vocab-list" style="column-width:20em;"> | ||
| + | * [[Questions:How Glow Became Gloom#q4|electromagnetic energy]] – June 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:How Glow Became Gloom#q4|electron]] – June 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:How Glow Became Gloom#q4|excited state]] – June 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Great American Solar Eclipse#q1|fusion]] – Aug 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:PSC Evaluating Gas Stoves#q3|gas]] – Sample 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:PSC Evaluating Gas Stoves#q3|global warming]] – Sample 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:PSC Evaluating Gas Stoves#q3|global warming potential (GWP)]] – Sample 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:PSC Evaluating Gas Stoves#q4|greenhouse effect]] – Sample 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:PSC Evaluating Gas Stoves#q3|greenhouse gas]] – Sample 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:How Glow Became Gloom#q4|ground state]] – June 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Urban Heat Islands#q3|infrared radiation]] – June 2026, [[Questions:PSC Evaluating Gas Stoves#q4|Sample 2025]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:How Glow Became Gloom#q4|nucleus]] – June 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The ABCs of Ultraviolet Radiation#q1|ozone layer]] – Aug 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:How Glow Became Gloom#q4|particle]] – June 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Great American Solar Eclipse#q1|plasma]] – Aug 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:PSC Evaluating Gas Stoves#q3|quantitative]] – Sample 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:PSC Evaluating Gas Stoves#q3|radiative forcing]] – Sample 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Urban Heat Islands#q3|reflectivity]] – June 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The ABCs of Ultraviolet Radiation#q1|solar radiation]] – Aug 2026, [[Questions:Urban Heat Islands#q3|June 2026]], [[Questions:PSC Evaluating Gas Stoves#q4|Sample 2025]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Great American Solar Eclipse#q1|spectral line]] – Aug 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:PSC Evaluating Gas Stoves#q3|temperature]] – Sample 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Great American Solar Eclipse#q1|visible light]] – Aug 2026, [[Questions:Urban Heat Islands#q3|June 2026]] | ||
| + | </div> | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class="vocab-subhead">Implied by this standard</div> | ||
| + | <div class="vocab-list"> | ||
| + | * electromagnetic spectrum – implied by "light or longer wavelength electromagnetic radiation" | ||
| + | * ionizing radiation – implied by "can ionize atoms and cause damage to living cells" | ||
| + | </div> | ||
| + | |||
| + | '''<big>Physics</big>''' | ||
| + | ''Physics terms for this standard have not been added yet.'' | ||
== {{Resourcesheading}} == | == {{Resourcesheading}} == | ||
Revision as of 15:52, 27 September 2026
Evaluate the validity and reliability of claims in published materials of the effects that different frequencies of electromagnetic radiation have when absorbed by matter.
Clarification statement: Emphasis is on the idea that photons associated with different frequencies of light have different energies, and the damage to living tissue from electromagnetic radiation depends on the energy of the radiation. Examples of published materials could include scientific journals, trade books, magazines, web resources, videos, and other passages that may reflect bias.
Assessment boundary: Assessment is limited to qualitative descriptions.
Note: this is a performance expectation for both HS chemistry and HS physics. The focus will vary based on which class this standard is being taught in.
Assessment
What assessment of HS-PS4-4 might look like on a NY state exam.
Chemistry
Physics
| Exam | Cluster | Question |
|---|---|---|
| June 2026 | The Cell Phone | Question 29 |
Performance Level Descriptions
PLDs communicate the knowledge and skills expected of students to demonstrate proficiency in each Learning Standard. NYS assessments classify student performance into one of five levels.
☐
Level 1: Based on evidence, identify the frequency, wavelength, relative energy, or effect on matter of electromagnetic radiation when one of these is provided.
☐
Level 2: Use information that provides evidence to support a claim that describes the effects of different frequencies, relative energies, and/or wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation when absorbed by matter.
☐
Level 3: Make and support a claim, using scientific and/or technical information, that describes the effects of a frequency and/or wavelength of electromagnetic radiation when absorbed by matter.
☐
Level 4: Evaluate the validity and reliability of claims in published materials of the effects that different frequencies of electromagnetic radiation have when absorbed by matter.
☐
Level 5: Gather and evaluate a variety of valid and reliable sources to formulate a claim on the effects that different frequencies of electromagnetic radiation have when absorbed by matter, citing qualitative evidence with scientific reasoning.
Vocabulary
Terms that come from this standard or from the released exam questions that assess it, listed by subject. Chemistry terms are from the Chemistry Glossary.
Chemistry
From this standard
- absorption (of electromagnetic radiation)
- atom
- bias
- claim
- electromagnetic radiation
- energy
- evidence
- frequency
- gamma rays
- heat
- heat energy
- living cell
- matter
- photon
- qualitative
- radiation
- reasoning
- reliability
- system
- thermal energy
- ultraviolet radiation
- validity
- wavelength
- X-rays
From released exam questions
- electromagnetic energy – June 2026
- electron – June 2026
- excited state – June 2026
- fusion – Aug 2026
- gas – Sample 2025
- global warming – Sample 2025
- global warming potential (GWP) – Sample 2025
- greenhouse effect – Sample 2025
- greenhouse gas – Sample 2025
- ground state – June 2026
- infrared radiation – June 2026, Sample 2025
- nucleus – June 2026
- ozone layer – Aug 2026
- particle – June 2026
- plasma – Aug 2026
- quantitative – Sample 2025
- radiative forcing – Sample 2025
- reflectivity – June 2026
- solar radiation – Aug 2026, June 2026, Sample 2025
- spectral line – Aug 2026
- temperature – Sample 2025
- visible light – Aug 2026, June 2026
Implied by this standard
- electromagnetic spectrum – implied by "light or longer wavelength electromagnetic radiation"
- ionizing radiation – implied by "can ionize atoms and cause damage to living cells"
Physics Physics terms for this standard have not been added yet.
Resources
Examples and discussion of resources for the learning, teaching, and assessment of HS-PS4-4.
This section could be expanded upon. You can help out by adding to this section.
NGSS Dimensions
Performance expectation HS-PS4-4 was developed using the following elements from the NRC document A Framework for K-12 Science Education:
Science and Engineering Practices
- Obtaining, Evaluating, and Communicating Information
- Evaluate the validity and reliability of multiple claims that appear in scientific and technical texts or media reports, verifying the data when possible.
Disciplinary Core Ideas
- PS4.B: Electromagnetic Radiation
- When light or longer wavelength electromagnetic radiation is absorbed in matter, it is generally converted into thermal energy (heat). Shorter wavelength electromagnetic radiation (ultraviolet, X-rays, gamma rays) can ionize atoms and cause damage to living cells.
Crosscutting Concepts
- Cause and Effect
- Cause and effect relationships can be suggested and predicted for complex natural and human designed systems by examining what is known about smaller scale mechanisms, within the system.
Page contributors: Conrad Richman, Caroline Leonard