Difference between revisions of "HS-PS1-1"
From NY Science Standards Wiki
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| + | | topic = Periodic Table | ||
| ls = Use the periodic table as a model to predict the relative properties of elements based on the patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms. | | ls = Use the periodic table as a model to predict the relative properties of elements based on the patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms. | ||
| cs = Examples of properties that could be predicted from patterns could include reactivity of metals, types of bonds formed, numbers of bonds formed, and reactions with oxygen. | | cs = Examples of properties that could be predicted from patterns could include reactivity of metals, types of bonds formed, numbers of bonds formed, and reactions with oxygen. | ||
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| − | | rowspan="3" style="background-color:white;" | [[August 2026 Chemistry Exam|August 2026]] | + | | rowspan="3" style="background-color:white;" | [[August 2026 Chemistry Exam|August 2026 Chemistry Regents]] |
| style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Semiconductors|Semiconductors]] | | style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Semiconductors|Semiconductors]] | ||
| style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Semiconductors#q1|Question 14]] | | style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Semiconductors#q1|Question 14]] | ||
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| style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Parade of Balloons#q1|Question 39]] | | style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Parade of Balloons#q1|Question 39]] | ||
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| − | | rowspan="2" style="background-color:white;" | [[June 2026 Chemistry Exam|June 2026]] | + | | rowspan="2" style="background-color:white;" | [[June 2026 Chemistry Exam|June 2026 Chemistry Regents]] |
| style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:How Glow Became Gloom|How Glow Became Gloom]] | | style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:How Glow Became Gloom|How Glow Became Gloom]] | ||
| style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:How Glow Became Gloom#q2|Question 2]] | | style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:How Glow Became Gloom#q2|Question 2]] | ||
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| style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Chip Bag: PFAS vs PLA Plastics#q3|Question 35]] | | style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Chip Bag: PFAS vs PLA Plastics#q3|Question 35]] | ||
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| − | | rowspan="2" style="background-color:white;" | [[Chemistry sample question clusters| | + | | rowspan="2" style="background-color:white;" | [[Chemistry sample question clusters|Chemistry sample clusters]] (Spring 2025) |
| style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Smartphone Chemistry Sample Cluster|Smartphone Chemistry]] | | style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Smartphone Chemistry Sample Cluster|Smartphone Chemistry]] | ||
| style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Smartphone Chemistry Sample Cluster#q1|Question 1]] | | style="background-color:white;" | [[Questions:Smartphone Chemistry Sample Cluster#q1|Question 1]] | ||
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Revision as of 10:50, 13 October 2026
Use the periodic table as a model to predict the relative properties of elements based on the patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms.
Clarification statement: Examples of properties that could be predicted from patterns could include reactivity of metals, types of bonds formed, numbers of bonds formed, and reactions with oxygen.
Assessment boundary: Assessment is limited to main group elements. Assessment does not include quantitative understanding of ionization energy beyond relative trends.
Regents Exam Questions
Released New York State Regents exam questions that assess HS-PS1-1 are listed here by exam and question cluster. Each link opens the question with its answer key.
Performance Level Descriptions
Every Regents exam question on HS-PS1-1 is written to match one of the performance level descriptions (PLDs) below.
Level 1: Use the periodic table as a model to identify the patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms or the relative properties of elements within a group or period.
Level 2: Use the periodic table as a model to identify the patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms and the relative properties of elements within a group or period.
Level 3: Use the periodic table as a model to describe the relative properties of elements based on the patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms.
Level 4: Use the periodic table as a model to predict the relative properties of elements based on the patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms.
Level 5: Use the periodic table as a model to construct a representation of chemical behavior using relative properties of elements based on the patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms.
Vocabulary
Terms from the Chemistry Glossary that come from this standard or from the released exam questions that assess it.
From this standard
- atom
- atomic scale
- atomic structure
- attraction
- bond
- chemical property
- component (of a system)
- contact force
- electric charge
- electron
- electron state
- element
- energy level
- evidence
- group (of the periodic table)
- ionization
- ionization energy
- main-group element
- matter
- metal
- neutron
- nucleus
- outermost energy level
- period (of the periodic table)
- periodic table
- phenomenon
- properties
- proton
- quantitative
- reaction with oxygen
- reactivity
- relative property
- repulsion
- system
- transformation
- trend
From released exam questions
- atomic mass – Aug 2026
- atomic radius – Aug 2026, June 2026
- band gap energy – Aug 2026
- claim – Aug 2026
- compound – Aug 2026, June 2026
- conduction band – Aug 2026
- conductivity – Aug 2026
- conductor – Aug 2026
- covalent bond – Sample 2025
- crystal – Aug 2026
- crystal lattice – Aug 2026
- decomposition – June 2026
- double bond – Sample 2025
- electrical conductivity – Aug 2026
- electrical force – June 2026
- energy – Aug 2026
- first ionization energy – Aug 2026
- gas – Aug 2026, Sample 2025
- insulator – Aug 2026, Sample 2025
- ion – Sample 2025
- mixture – Aug 2026
- molecule – Sample 2025
- nonpolar covalent bond – Sample 2025
- outermost electrons – Aug 2026, June 2026
- oxide – Sample 2025
- physical property – June 2026
- polar covalent bond – Sample 2025
- polymer – June 2026
- semiconductor – Aug 2026
- single bond – Sample 2025
- valence band – Aug 2026
- valence electron – June 2026
- valence shell – Aug 2026
Implied by this standard
- atomic number – implied by "orders elements horizontally by the number of protons in the atom's nucleus"
- electron configuration – implied by "patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms"
- ionic bond – implied by "types of bonds formed"
Resources
Examples and discussion of resources for the learning, teaching, and assessment of HS-PS1-1.
This section could be expanded upon. You can help out by adding to this section.
NGSS Dimensions
Performance expectation HS-PS1-1 was developed using the following elements from the NRC document A Framework for K-12 Science Education:
Science and Engineering Practices
- Developing and Using Models
- Use a model to predict the relationships between systems or between components of a system.
Disciplinary Core Ideas
- PS1.A: Structure and Properties of Matter
- Each atom has a charged substructure consisting of a nucleus, which is made of protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons.
- The periodic table orders elements horizontally by the number of protons in the atom’s nucleus and places those with similar chemical properties in columns. The repeating patterns of this table reflect patterns of outer electron states.
- PS2.B: Types of Interactions
- Attraction and repulsion between electric charges at the atomic scale explain the structure, properties, and transformations of matter, as well as the contact forces between material objects. (secondary to HS-PS1-1)
Crosscutting Concepts
- Patterns
- Different patterns may be observed at each of the scales at which a system is studied and can provide evidence for causality in explanations of phenomena.
K-12 Progression
This alignment of standards between grade bands has been developed based on The NSTA Quick-Reference Guide to the NGSS, K-12. Standards are aligned based on their Disciplinary Core Ideas and can be used to understand what students should know from earlier classes.
This standard is related to the following standards from prior grade-level bands:
Disciplinary Core Idea
PS1.A: Structure and Properties of Matter
(NYSED) Different kinds of matter exist and many of them can be either solid or liquid. Matter can be described, categorized, and sorted by its observable properties.
- P-PS1-1: Ask questions and use observations to test the claim that different kinds of matter exist as either solid or liquid.
Matter of any type can be subdivided into particles that are too small to see, but even then the matter still exists and can be detected by other means. A model shows that gases are made from matter particles that are too small to see and are moving freely around in space can explain many observations, including the inflation and shape of a balloon and the effects of air on larger particles or objects.
- 5-PS1-1: Develop a model to describe that matter is made of particles too small to be seen.
(NYSED) Substances are made of one type of atom or combinations of different types of atoms. Individual atoms are particles and can combine to form larger particles that range in size from two to thousands of atoms.
Solids may be formed from molecules, or they may be extended structures with repeating subunits (e.g., crystals).
- MS-PS1-1: Develop models to describe the atomic composition of simple molecules and extended structures.
Page contributors: Caroline Leonard, Conrad Richman