Difference between revisions of "HS-ESS1-2"
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| − | | SEP1 = | + | | SEP1 = Constructing explanations and designing solutions: Construct an explanation based on valid and reliable evidence obtained from a variety of sources (including students’ own investigations, models, theories, simulations, peer review) and the assumption that theories and laws that describe the natural world operate today as they did in the past and will continue to do so in the future. |
| − | | DCI1 = | + | | SEP2 = Scientific models, laws, mechanisms, and theories explain natural phenomena: A scientific theory is a substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world, based on a body of facts that have been repeatedly confirmed through observation and experiment and the science community validates each theory before it is accepted. If new evidence is discovered that the theory does not accommodate, the theory is generally modified in light of this new evidence. |
| − | | CC1 = | + | | DCI1 = The universe and its stars: The study of stars’ light spectra and brightness is used to identify compositional elements of stars, their movements, and their distances from Earth. |
| + | | DCI2 = The universe and its stars: The Big Bang theory is supported by observations of distant galaxies receding from our own, of the measured composition of stars and non-stellar gases, and of the maps of spectra of the primordial radiation (cosmic microwave background) that still fills the universe. | ||
| + | | DCI3 = The universe and its stars: Other than the hydrogen and helium formed at the time of the Big Bang, nuclear fusion within stars produces all atomic nuclei lighter than and including iron, and the process releases electromagnetic energy. Heavier elements are produced when certain massive stars achieve a supernova stage and explode. | ||
| + | | DCI4 = Electromagnetic radiation: Atoms of each element emit and absorb characteristic frequencies of light. These characteristics allow identification of the presence of an element, even in microscopic quantities. | ||
| + | | CC1 = Energy and matter: Energy cannot be created or destroyed– only moved between one place and another place, between objects and/or fields, or between systems. | ||
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Revision as of 10:53, 2 April 2025
Construct an explanation of the Big Bang theory based on astronomical evidence of light spectra, motion of distant galaxies, and composition of matter in the universe.
Clarification statement: Emphasis is on the astronomical evidence of the red shift of light from galaxies as an indication that the universe is currently expanding at an accelerated rate, the cosmic microwave background as the remnant radiation from the Big Bang, and the observed composition of ordinary matter of the universe, primarily found in stars and interstellar gases (from the spectra of electromagnetic radiation from stars), which matches that predicted by the Big Bang theory (3/4 hydrogen and 1/4 helium).
Note: this is a performance expectation for both HS Earth & Space Science and HS Physics. For physics, the focus is "connection to wavelength and frequency of light, formation of stars" as per the NYSED physics course map.
Resources
Examples and discussion of resources for the learning, teaching, and assessment of HS-ESS1-2.
This section could be expanded upon. You can help out by adding to this section.
Assessment
What assessment of HS-ESS1-2 might look like on a NY state exam.
This section could be expanded upon. You can help out by adding to this section.
NGSS Dimensions
Performance expectation HS-ESS1-2 was developed using the following elements from the NRC document A Framework for K-12 Science Education:
- Constructing explanations and designing solutions: Construct an explanation based on valid and reliable evidence obtained from a variety of sources (including students’ own investigations, models, theories, simulations, peer review) and the assumption that theories and laws that describe the natural world operate today as they did in the past and will continue to do so in the future.
- Scientific models, laws, mechanisms, and theories explain natural phenomena: A scientific theory is a substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world, based on a body of facts that have been repeatedly confirmed through observation and experiment and the science community validates each theory before it is accepted. If new evidence is discovered that the theory does not accommodate, the theory is generally modified in light of this new evidence.
- The universe and its stars: The study of stars’ light spectra and brightness is used to identify compositional elements of stars, their movements, and their distances from Earth.
- The universe and its stars: The Big Bang theory is supported by observations of distant galaxies receding from our own, of the measured composition of stars and non-stellar gases, and of the maps of spectra of the primordial radiation (cosmic microwave background) that still fills the universe.
- The universe and its stars: Other than the hydrogen and helium formed at the time of the Big Bang, nuclear fusion within stars produces all atomic nuclei lighter than and including iron, and the process releases electromagnetic energy. Heavier elements are produced when certain massive stars achieve a supernova stage and explode.
- Electromagnetic radiation: Atoms of each element emit and absorb characteristic frequencies of light. These characteristics allow identification of the presence of an element, even in microscopic quantities.
- Energy and matter: Energy cannot be created or destroyed– only moved between one place and another place, between objects and/or fields, or between systems.