MS-LS4-4
Construct an explanation based on evidence that describes how genetic variations of traits in a population increase some individuals’ probability of surviving and reproducing in a specific environment.
Clarification statement: Emphasis is on using simple probability statements and proportional reasoning to construct explanations.
Resources
Examples and discussion of resources for the learning, teaching, and assessment of MS-LS4-4.

Assessment
What assessment of MS-LS4-4 might look like on a NY state exam.

NGSS Dimensions
Performance expectation MS-LS4-4 was developed using the following elements from the NRC document A Framework for K-12 Science Education:
- Constructing Explanations and Designing Solutions
- Construct an explanation that includes qualitative or quantitative relationships between variables that describe phenomena.
- LS4.B: Natural Selection
- (NYSED) Natural selection can lead to an increase in the frequency of some traits and the decrease in the frequency of others.
- Cause and Effect
- Phenomena may have more than one cause, and some cause and effect relationships in systems can only be described using probability.
Connections to Other Standards
MS-LS4-4 connections to ELA, math, and other science standards as outlined by the NYS Education Department: