MS-PS1-2 | Chemical Reactions

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Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred.

Clarification statement: Examples of chemical reactions could include burning of a wooden splint, souring of milk and decomposition of sodium bicarbonate.

Assessment boundary: Assessment is limited to analysis of the following properties: density, melting point, boiling point, solubility, flammability, color change, gas production and odor.

Assessment

What assessment of MS-PS1-2 might look like on a NY state exam.

Exam Cluster Question
Spring 2026 Hard-Boiled Eggs Question 40
Spring 2025 Maple Syrup Production Question 5
Rust Question 24
Rust Question 26
Spring 2024 The Chemistry of Propane Question 50
Sample clusters Investigating Chemical Reactions Question 1
Investigating Chemical Reactions Question 4

Performance Level Descriptions

PLDs communicate the knowledge and skills expected of students to demonstrate proficiency in each Learning Standard. NYS assessments classify student performance into one of four levels.

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Level 1: Given information about a reaction, identify the statement, from those provided, that provides evidence that a chemical reaction took place.
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Level 2: Given a chemical reaction, identify properties of the substances that are different before and after the reaction has taken place.
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Level 3: Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred.
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Level 4: Plan and conduct an investigation to gather, analyze, and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred.

Resources

Examples and discussion of resources for the learning, teaching, and assessment of MS-PS1-2.

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NGSS Dimensions

Performance expectation MS-PS1-2 was developed using the following elements from the NRC document A Framework for K-12 Science Education:

Science and Engineering Practices
  • Analyzing and Interpreting Data
    • Analyze and interpret data to determine similarities and differences in findings.
Disciplinary Core Ideas
  • PS1.A: Structure and Properties of Matter
    • (NYSED) Each substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it.
  • PS1.B: Chemical Reactions
    • Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. When substances react, the atoms that make up the molecules rearrange, forming new substances with different properties.
Crosscutting Concepts
  • Patterns
    • Macroscopic patterns are related to the nature of microscopic and atomic-level structure.
MS | MS. Chemical Reactions