HS-PS3-4
Plan and conduct an investigation to provide evidence that the transfer of thermal energy when two components of different temperature are combined within a closed system results in a more uniform energy distribution among the components in the system (second law of thermodynamics).
Clarification statement: Emphasis is on analyzing data from student investigations and using mathematical thinking to describe the energy changes both quantitatively and conceptually. Examples of investigations could include mixing liquids at different initial temperatures or adding objects at different temperatures to water.
Assessment boundary: Assessment is limited to investigations based on materials and tools provided to students.
Resources
Examples and discussion of resources for the learning, teaching, and assessment of HS-PS3-4.
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Regents Exam Questions
Released New York State Regents exam questions that assess HS-PS3-4 are listed here by exam and question cluster. Each link opens the question with its answer key.
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NGSS Dimensions
Performance expectation HS-PS3-4 was developed using the following elements from the NRC document A Framework for K-12 Science Education: