MS-LS4-4 | Genetic Variation and Survival
Construct an explanation based on evidence that describes how genetic variations of traits in a population increase some individuals’ probability of surviving and reproducing in a specific environment.
Clarification statement: Emphasis is on using simple probability statements and proportional reasoning to construct explanations.
Grade 8 Science Test Questions
Released New York State Grade 8 science test questions that assess MS-LS4-4 are listed here by test and question cluster. Each link opens the question with its answer key.
| Exam | Cluster | Question |
|---|---|---|
| Spring 2026 | Giraffe Adaptations and Population Changes | Question 44 |
| Spring 2024 | Respiration | Question 43 |
Performance Level Descriptions
Every Grade 8 Science Test question on MS-LS4-4 is written to match one of the performance level descriptions (PLDs) below.
Resources
Examples and discussion of resources for the learning, teaching, and assessment of MS-LS4-4.
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NGSS Dimensions
Performance expectation MS-LS4-4 was developed using the following elements from the NRC document A Framework for K-12 Science Education:
- Constructing Explanations and Designing Solutions
- Construct an explanation that includes qualitative or quantitative relationships between variables that describe phenomena.
- LS4.B: Natural Selection
- (NYSED) Natural selection can lead to an increase in the frequency of some traits and the decrease in the frequency of others.
- Cause and Effect
- Phenomena may have more than one cause, and some cause and effect relationships in systems can only be described using probability.