MS-PS1-2 | Chemical Reactions

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Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred.

Clarification statement: Examples of chemical reactions could include burning of a wooden splint, souring of milk and decomposition of sodium bicarbonate.

Assessment boundary: Assessment is limited to analysis of the following properties: density, melting point, boiling point, solubility, flammability, color change, gas production and odor.

Performance Level Descriptions

PLDs communicate the knowledge and skills expected of students to demonstrate proficiency in each Learning Standard. NYS assessments classify student performance into one of four levels.

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Level 1: Given information about a reaction, identify the statement, from those provided, that provides evidence that a chemical reaction took place.
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Level 2: Given a chemical reaction, identify properties of the substances that are different before and after the reaction has taken place.
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Level 3: Analyze and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred.
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Level 4: Plan and conduct an investigation to gather, analyze, and interpret data on the properties of substances before and after the substances interact to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred.

Resources

Examples and discussion of resources for the learning, teaching, and assessment of MS-PS1-2.

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Assessment

What assessment of MS-PS1-2 might look like on a NY state exam.

Exam Cluster Question
Spring 2026 Hard-Boiled Eggs Question 40
Spring 2025 Maple Syrup Production Question 5
Rust Question 24
Rust Question 26
Spring 2024 The Chemistry of Propane Question 50
Sample clusters Investigating Chemical Reactions Question 1
Investigating Chemical Reactions Question 4


NGSS Dimensions

Performance expectation MS-PS1-2 was developed using the following elements from the NRC document A Framework for K-12 Science Education:

Science and Engineering Practices
  • Analyzing and Interpreting Data
    • Analyze and interpret data to determine similarities and differences in findings.
Disciplinary Core Ideas
  • PS1.A: Structure and Properties of Matter
    • (NYSED) Each substance has characteristic physical and chemical properties (for any bulk quantity under given conditions) that can be used to identify it.
  • PS1.B: Chemical Reactions
    • Substances react chemically in characteristic ways. When substances react, the atoms that make up the molecules rearrange, forming new substances with different properties.
Crosscutting Concepts
  • Patterns
    • Macroscopic patterns are related to the nature of microscopic and atomic-level structure.
MS | MS. Chemical Reactions