HS-PS1-11 | Acids and Bases · NYS standard · Regents questions
Plan and conduct an investigation to compare properties and behaviors of acids and bases.
Clarification statement: Examples of properties could include pH values (concentration), neutralization capability and conductivity. Observations of behaviors could include the effects on indicators, reactions with other substances, and efficacy in performing titrations.
Assessment boundary: Reactions are limited to Arrhenius and Bronsted-Lowry acid-base reactions.
Note: this is a NYSED-specific performance expectation that is different from the Next Generation Science Standards.
Reference Tables
Relevant reference tables:
Regents Exam Questions
Released New York State Regents exam questions that assess HS-PS1-11 are listed here by exam and question cluster. Each link opens the question with its answer key.
Vocabulary
Terms from the Chemistry Glossary that come from this standard or from the released exam questions that assess it.
- accuracy
- acid
- acid rain
- acid-base reaction
- Arrhenius acid-base reaction
- base
- Bronsted-Lowry acid-base reaction
- chemical reaction
- claim
- concentration
- conductivity
- evidence
- indicator
- investigation
- neutralization
- neutralization capability
- pH
- phenomenon
- precision
- properties
- reaction
- substance
- system
- titration
- acid-base indicator – Aug 2026, June 2026
- acidic – June 2026
- aqueous (aq) – June 2026
- hydrogen ion – Aug 2026, Sample 2025
- hydrogen ion acceptor – June 2026
- hydrogen ion donor – June 2026
- hydronium ion – Aug 2026, June 2026, Sample 2025
- hydroxide ion – Aug 2026
- ion – Aug 2026, June 2026, Sample 2025
- metal – June 2026
- mixture – June 2026
- molar mass – June 2026
- molecular formula – Aug 2026
- molecule – June 2026
- optimize – Sample 2025
- photosynthesis – June 2026
- proton – Sample 2025
- solution – Aug 2026
- temperature – Aug 2026
- acidic, basic and neutral solutions – implied by "pH values"
- pH scale – implied by "pH values (concentration)"
Performance Level Descriptions
Every Regents exam question on HS-PS1-11 is written to match one of the performance level descriptions (PLDs) below.
Resources
Examples and discussion of resources for the learning, teaching, and assessment of HS-PS1-11.
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NGSS Dimensions
Performance expectation HS-PS1-11 was developed using the following elements from the NRC document A Framework for K-12 Science Education:
- Planning and Carrying Out Investigations
- Plan and conduct an investigation individually and collaboratively to produce data to serve as the basis for evidence, and in the design: decide on types, how much, and accuracy of data needed to produce reliable measurements and consider limitations on the precision of the data (e.g., number of trials, cost, risk, time), and refine the design accordingly.
- Select appropriate tools to collect, record, analyze, and evaluate data.
- PS1.B: Chemical Reactions
- (NYSED) Acids and bases play an important role in the daily lives of humans and other organisms (e.g. agricultural applications, environmental impacts (acid rain), animal and plant physiology).
- Patterns
- Different patterns may be observed at each of the scales at which a system is studied and can provide evidence for causality in explanations of phenomena.