HS-ESS1-4
Use mathematical or computational representations to predict the motion of orbiting objects in the solar system.
Clarification statement: Emphasis is on Newtonian gravitational laws governing orbital motions, which apply to human-made satellites as well as planets and moons.
Assessment boundary: Mathematical representations for the gravitational attraction of bodies and Kepler’s Laws of orbital motions should not deal with more than two bodies, nor involve calculus.
Resources
Examples and discussion of resources for the learning, teaching, and assessment of HS-ESS1-4.
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Regents Exam Questions
Released New York State Regents exam questions that assess HS-ESS1-4 are listed here by exam and question cluster. Each link opens the question with its answer key.
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NGSS Dimensions
Performance expectation HS-ESS1-4 was developed using the following elements from the NRC document A Framework for K-12 Science Education: