Difference between revisions of "HS-LS1-1"
From NY Science Standards Wiki
(Reorder sections: Assessment, then Performance Level Descriptions, then Resources) |
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| Level1 = Identify the evidence that supports the claim/explanation that the structure of DNA determines the structure of proteins <b><u>or</u></b> identify the explanation/claim using given evidence that the structure of DNA determines the structure of proteins. | | Level1 = Identify the evidence that supports the claim/explanation that the structure of DNA determines the structure of proteins <b><u>or</u></b> identify the explanation/claim using given evidence that the structure of DNA determines the structure of proteins. | ||
}} | }} | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Vocabulary == | ||
| + | Terms from the [[Biology Glossary]] that come from this standard or from the released exam questions that assess it. | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class="vocab-subhead">From this standard</div> | ||
| + | <div class="vocab-list" style="column-width:14em;"> | ||
| + | * antibody | ||
| + | * body system | ||
| + | * cell | ||
| + | * cell function | ||
| + | * cell receptor | ||
| + | * claim | ||
| + | * DNA | ||
| + | * DNA code | ||
| + | * enzyme | ||
| + | * gene | ||
| + | * genetic information | ||
| + | * hormone | ||
| + | * investigation | ||
| + | * protein | ||
| + | * protein synthesis | ||
| + | * specialized cell | ||
| + | * structural protein | ||
| + | * structure and function | ||
| + | * tissue | ||
| + | * transcription | ||
| + | * translation | ||
| + | </div> | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class="vocab-subhead">From released exam questions</div> | ||
| + | <div class="vocab-list" style="column-width:20em;"> | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Solving the Problem of Cat Allergies#q1|allergen]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Solving the Problem of Cat Allergies#q1|allergy]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Humongous Fungus#q4|amino acid]] – Aug 2026, [[Questions:Caffeine’s Effect on the Body#q2|June 2026]], [[Questions:Solving the Problem of Cat Allergies#q1|Jan 2026]], [[Questions:A Unique Relationship: Mulberries and Silk#q4|Aug 2025]], [[Questions:Nature or Nurture?#q2|June 2025]], [[Questions:Prostaglandins Sample Cluster#q2|Sample 2024]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Solving the Problem of Cat Allergies#q1|amino acid sequence]] – Jan 2026, [[Questions:A Unique Relationship: Mulberries and Silk#q4|Aug 2025]], [[Questions:Prostaglandins Sample Cluster#q1|Sample 2024]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Prostaglandins Sample Cluster#q5|animal model]] – Sample 2024 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Prostaglandins Sample Cluster#q2|base-pairing rule]] – Sample 2024 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Human Variations in Eye Color#q3|bind (to a receptor)]] – Aug 2026, [[Questions:Caffeine’s Effect on the Body#q2|June 2026]], [[Questions:Heads or Tails?#q3|June 2025]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Prostaglandins Sample Cluster#q1|blood vessel]] – Sample 2024 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Keratin – A Very Versatile Protein#q3|body cell]] – Aug 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Heads or Tails?#q3|body plan]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Caffeine’s Effect on the Body#q2|brain]] – June 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Prostaglandins Sample Cluster#q5|cancer]] – Sample 2024 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Caffeine’s Effect on the Body#q2|cell membrane]] – June 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Humongous Fungus#q4|cell types (nerve, liver, skeletal muscle, intestinal, cheek cells)]] – Aug 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Prostaglandins Sample Cluster#q1|chemical messenger]] – Sample 2024 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Human Variations in Eye Color#q3|chromosome]] – Aug 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Tailless Humans#q2|coding region]] – June 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Keratin – A Very Versatile Protein#q3|codon]] – Aug 2025, [[Questions:Nature or Nurture?#q2|June 2025]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Humongous Fungus#q4|codon chart]] – Aug 2026, [[Questions:A Unique Relationship: Mulberries and Silk#q4|Aug 2025]], [[Questions:Nature or Nurture?#q2|June 2025]], [[Questions:Prostaglandins Sample Cluster#q2|Sample 2024]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Zebra Coat Patterns#q2|coloration]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Human Variations in Eye Color#q3|control region (of a gene)]] – Aug 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Keratin – A Very Versatile Protein#q1|cornea]] – Aug 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Solving the Problem of Cat Allergies#q5|CRISPR-Cas9 (gene editing)]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Keratin – A Very Versatile Protein#q3|deletion (mutation)]] – Aug 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Diabetes#q4|disulfide bridge]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Human Variations in Eye Color#q3|DNA sequence]] – Aug 2026, [[Questions:Caffeine’s Effect on the Body#q2|June 2026]], [[Questions:Zebra Coat Patterns#q2|Jan 2026]], [[Questions:A Unique Relationship: Mulberries and Silk#q4|Aug 2025]], [[Questions:Heads or Tails?#q3|June 2025]], [[Questions:Prostaglandins Sample Cluster#q1|Sample 2024]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Tailless Humans#q2|embryo]] – June 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Tailless Humans#q2|embryonic development]] – June 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Humongous Fungus#q4|fungus]] – Aug 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Human Variations in Eye Color#q3|gene expression]] – Aug 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Humongous Fungus#q4|genetic code]] – Aug 2026, [[Questions:Solving the Problem of Cat Allergies#q5|Jan 2026]], [[Questions:Prostaglandins Sample Cluster#q5|Sample 2024]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Prostaglandins Sample Cluster#q1|inflammatory response]] – Sample 2024 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Keratin – A Very Versatile Protein#q3|keratinocyte]] – Aug 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Tailless Humans#q2|mammal]] – June 2026, [[Questions:Zebra Coat Patterns#q2|Jan 2026]], [[Questions:Heads or Tails?#q6|June 2025]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Zebra Coat Patterns#q2|melanocyte]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Nature or Nurture?#q3|methylation (and demethylation)]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:A Unique Relationship: Mulberries and Silk#q4|mRNA sequence]] – Aug 2025, [[Questions:Prostaglandins Sample Cluster#q2|Sample 2024]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Human Variations in Eye Color#q3|mutation]] – Aug 2026, [[Questions:Diabetes#q4|Jan 2026]], [[Questions:Keratin – A Very Versatile Protein#q3|Aug 2025]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Caffeine’s Effect on the Body#q2|nerve]] – June 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Caffeine’s Effect on the Body#q2|neuron (nerve cell)]] – June 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Keratin – A Very Versatile Protein#q3|nucleotide]] – Aug 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Solving the Problem of Cat Allergies#q1|nucleus]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Solving the Problem of Cat Allergies#q1|oil gland]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Caffeine’s Effect on the Body#q2|oxygen]] – June 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Heads or Tails?#q3|parasite]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Human Variations in Eye Color#q3|pigment]] – Aug 2026, [[Questions:Zebra Coat Patterns#q2|Jan 2026]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Heads or Tails?#q3|regulatory gene]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Prostaglandins Sample Cluster#q1|ribbon model]] – Sample 2024 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Prostaglandins Sample Cluster#q5|ribosome]] – Sample 2024 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Solving the Problem of Cat Allergies#q1|salivary gland]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Solving the Problem of Cat Allergies#q1|skin]] – Jan 2026, [[Questions:Keratin – A Very Versatile Protein#q1|Aug 2025]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Zebra Coat Patterns#q2|skin cell]] – Jan 2026, [[Questions:Keratin – A Very Versatile Protein#q3|Aug 2025]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Nature or Nurture?#q2|stop codon and start codon]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Tailless Humans#q2|trait]] – June 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Human Variations in Eye Color#q3|variation]] – Aug 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Heads or Tails?#q6|vertebrate]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Prostaglandins Sample Cluster#q1|white blood cell]] – Sample 2024 | ||
| + | </div> | ||
== {{Resourcesheading}} == | == {{Resourcesheading}} == | ||
Latest revision as of 17:47, 27 September 2026
Construct an explanation based on evidence for how the structure of DNA determines the structure of proteins which carry out the essential functions of life through systems of specialized cells.
Clarification statement: Emphasis should be on how the DNA code is transcribed and translated in the synthesis of proteins. Types of proteins involved in performing life functions include enzymes, structural proteins, cell receptors, hormones, and antibodies.
Assessment boundary: Assessment does not include identification of specific cell or tissue types, whole body systems, specific protein structures and functions, or the detailed biochemistry of protein synthesis.
Assessment
What assessment of HS-LS1-1 might look like on a NY state exam.
Performance Level Descriptions
PLDs communicate the knowledge and skills expected of students to demonstrate proficiency in each Learning Standard. NYS assessments classify student performance into one of five levels.
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Level 1: Identify the evidence that supports the claim/explanation that the structure of DNA determines the structure of proteins or identify the explanation/claim using given evidence that the structure of DNA determines the structure of proteins.
☐
Level 2: Describe the evidence that supports an explanation that the structure of DNA determines the structure of proteins.
☐
Level 3: Construct an explanation based on evidence for how the structure of DNA determines the structure of proteins which carry out essential functions.
☐
Level 4: Construct an explanation based on evidence for how the structure of DNA determines the structure of proteins which carry out the essential functions of life through systems of specialized cells.
☐
Level 5: Construct and revise an explanation based on evidence for how the structure of DNA determines the structure of proteins which carry out the essential functions of life through systems of specialized cells.
Vocabulary
Terms from the Biology Glossary that come from this standard or from the released exam questions that assess it.
From this standard
- antibody
- body system
- cell
- cell function
- cell receptor
- claim
- DNA
- DNA code
- enzyme
- gene
- genetic information
- hormone
- investigation
- protein
- protein synthesis
- specialized cell
- structural protein
- structure and function
- tissue
- transcription
- translation
From released exam questions
- allergen – Jan 2026
- allergy – Jan 2026
- amino acid – Aug 2026, June 2026, Jan 2026, Aug 2025, June 2025, Sample 2024
- amino acid sequence – Jan 2026, Aug 2025, Sample 2024
- animal model – Sample 2024
- base-pairing rule – Sample 2024
- bind (to a receptor) – Aug 2026, June 2026, June 2025
- blood vessel – Sample 2024
- body cell – Aug 2025
- body plan – June 2025
- brain – June 2026
- cancer – Sample 2024
- cell membrane – June 2026
- cell types (nerve, liver, skeletal muscle, intestinal, cheek cells) – Aug 2026
- chemical messenger – Sample 2024
- chromosome – Aug 2026
- coding region – June 2026
- codon – Aug 2025, June 2025
- codon chart – Aug 2026, Aug 2025, June 2025, Sample 2024
- coloration – Jan 2026
- control region (of a gene) – Aug 2026
- cornea – Aug 2025
- CRISPR-Cas9 (gene editing) – Jan 2026
- deletion (mutation) – Aug 2025
- disulfide bridge – Jan 2026
- DNA sequence – Aug 2026, June 2026, Jan 2026, Aug 2025, June 2025, Sample 2024
- embryo – June 2026
- embryonic development – June 2026
- fungus – Aug 2026
- gene expression – Aug 2026
- genetic code – Aug 2026, Jan 2026, Sample 2024
- inflammatory response – Sample 2024
- keratinocyte – Aug 2025
- mammal – June 2026, Jan 2026, June 2025
- melanocyte – Jan 2026
- methylation (and demethylation) – June 2025
- mRNA sequence – Aug 2025, Sample 2024
- mutation – Aug 2026, Jan 2026, Aug 2025
- nerve – June 2026
- neuron (nerve cell) – June 2026
- nucleotide – Aug 2025
- nucleus – Jan 2026
- oil gland – Jan 2026
- oxygen – June 2026
- parasite – June 2025
- pigment – Aug 2026, Jan 2026
- regulatory gene – June 2025
- ribbon model – Sample 2024
- ribosome – Sample 2024
- salivary gland – Jan 2026
- skin – Jan 2026, Aug 2025
- skin cell – Jan 2026, Aug 2025
- stop codon and start codon – June 2025
- trait – June 2026
- variation – Aug 2026
- vertebrate – June 2025
- white blood cell – Sample 2024
Resources
Examples and discussion of resources for the learning, teaching, and assessment of HS-LS1-1.
This section could be expanded upon. You can help out by adding to this section.
NGSS Dimensions
Performance expectation HS-LS1-1 was developed using the following elements from the NRC document A Framework for K-12 Science Education:
Science and Engineering Practices
- Constructing Explanations and Designing Solutions
- Construct an explanation based on valid and reliable evidence obtained from a variety of sources (including students’ own investigations, models, theories, simulations, peer review) and the assumption that theories and laws that describe the natural world operate today as they did in the past and will continue to do so in the future.
Disciplinary Core Ideas
- LS1.A: Structure and Function
- Systems of specialized cells within organisms help them perform the essential functions of life.
- All cells contain genetic information in the form of DNA molecules. Genes are regions in the DNA that contain the instructions that code for the formation of proteins, which carry out most of the work of cells.(Note: This Disciplinary Core Idea is also addressed by HS-LS3-1.)
Crosscutting Concepts
- Structure and Function
- Investigating or designing new systems or structures requires a detailed examination of the properties of different materials, the structures of different components, and connections of components to reveal its function and/or solve a problem.
Page contributors: Conrad Richman, Caroline Leonard