Difference between revisions of "HS-PS1-4"
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| Level1 = Use a model/information to identify the changes in energy in a chemical reaction system. | | Level1 = Use a model/information to identify the changes in energy in a chemical reaction system. | ||
}} | }} | ||
| + | == Vocabulary == | ||
| + | Terms from the [[Chemistry Glossary]] that come from this standard or from the released exam questions that assess it. | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class="vocab-subhead">From this standard</div> | ||
| + | <div class="vocab-list" style="column-width:14em;"> | ||
| + | * absorption (of energy) | ||
| + | * atom | ||
| + | * bond | ||
| + | * bond breaking | ||
| + | * bond energy | ||
| + | * bond formation | ||
| + | * chemical reaction | ||
| + | * chemical reaction system | ||
| + | * component (of a system) | ||
| + | * endothermic reaction | ||
| + | * energy | ||
| + | * energy change | ||
| + | * evidence | ||
| + | * exothermic reaction | ||
| + | * matter | ||
| + | * matter flow | ||
| + | * molecule | ||
| + | * particle | ||
| + | * product | ||
| + | * properties | ||
| + | * reactant | ||
| + | * reaction | ||
| + | * rearrangement of particles | ||
| + | * release of energy | ||
| + | * stable molecule | ||
| + | * substance | ||
| + | * system | ||
| + | * total bond energy | ||
| + | </div> | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class="vocab-subhead">From released exam questions</div> | ||
| + | <div class="vocab-list" style="column-width:20em;"> | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Catalytic Converter in Cars#q3|oxide]] – Aug 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Catalytic Converter in Cars#q3|potential energy]] – Aug 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Catalytic Converter in Cars#q3|potential energy diagram]] – Aug 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Catalytic Converter in Cars#q3|temperature]] – Aug 2026 | ||
| + | </div> | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class="vocab-subhead">Implied by this standard</div> | ||
| + | <div class="vocab-list"> | ||
| + | * enthalpy change (ΔH) – implied by "release or absorption of energy from a chemical reaction system" | ||
| + | </div> | ||
== {{Resourcesheading}} == | == {{Resourcesheading}} == | ||
Latest revision as of 16:15, 27 September 2026
Develop a model to illustrate that the release or absorption of energy from a chemical reaction system depends upon the changes in total bond energy.
Clarification statement: Emphasis is on the idea that a chemical reaction is a system that affects the energy change. Examples of models could include molecular-level drawings and diagrams of reactions, graphs showing the relative energies of reactants and products, and representations showing energy is conserved.
Assessment boundary: Assessment does not include calculating the total bond energy changes during a chemical reaction from the bond energies of reactants and products.
Assessment
What assessment of HS-PS1-4 might look like on a NY state exam.
| Exam | Cluster | Question |
|---|---|---|
| August 2026 | Catalytic Converter in Cars | Question 32 |
Performance Level Descriptions
PLDs communicate the knowledge and skills expected of students to demonstrate proficiency in each Learning Standard. NYS assessments classify student performance into one of five levels.
Vocabulary
Terms from the Chemistry Glossary that come from this standard or from the released exam questions that assess it.
- absorption (of energy)
- atom
- bond
- bond breaking
- bond energy
- bond formation
- chemical reaction
- chemical reaction system
- component (of a system)
- endothermic reaction
- energy
- energy change
- evidence
- exothermic reaction
- matter
- matter flow
- molecule
- particle
- product
- properties
- reactant
- reaction
- rearrangement of particles
- release of energy
- stable molecule
- substance
- system
- total bond energy
- oxide – Aug 2026
- potential energy – Aug 2026
- potential energy diagram – Aug 2026
- temperature – Aug 2026
- enthalpy change (ΔH) – implied by "release or absorption of energy from a chemical reaction system"
Resources
Examples and discussion of resources for the learning, teaching, and assessment of HS-PS1-4.
This section could be expanded upon. You can help out by adding to this section.
NGSS Dimensions
Performance expectation HS-PS1-4 was developed using the following elements from the NRC document A Framework for K-12 Science Education:
- Develop and Using Models
- Develop a model based on evidence to illustrate the relationships between systems or between components of a system.
- PS1.A: Structure and Properties of Matter
- A stable molecule has less energy than the same set of atoms separated; one must provide at least this energy in order to take the molecule apart.
- PS1.B: Chemical Reactions
- Chemical processes, their rates, and whether or not energy is stored or released can be understood in terms of the collisions of particles and the rearrangements of particles into new substances, with consequent changes in the sum of all bond energies in the set of substances that are matched by changes in energy.
- Energy and Matter
- Changes of energy and matter in a system can be described in terms of energy and matter flows into, out of, and within that system.