Difference between revisions of "HS-ESS2-5"
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Relevant reference tables: | Relevant reference tables: | ||
*[[Rock Cycle Infographic| Rock Cycle Infographic]] | *[[Rock Cycle Infographic| Rock Cycle Infographic]] | ||
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== {{Assessmentheading}} == | == {{Assessmentheading}} == | ||
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| Level1 = Given the results of an investigation or information about the chemical and/or physical properties of water (in its different forms) identify an effect that water would have on an Earth material or surface process. | | Level1 = Given the results of an investigation or information about the chemical and/or physical properties of water (in its different forms) identify an effect that water would have on an Earth material or surface process. | ||
}} | }} | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Vocabulary == | ||
| + | Terms from the [[Earth & Space Science Glossary]] that come from this standard or from the released exam questions that assess it. | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class="vocab-subhead">From this standard</div> | ||
| + | <div class="vocab-list" style="column-width:14em;"> | ||
| + | * chemical weathering | ||
| + | * deposition | ||
| + | * Earth | ||
| + | * Earth materials | ||
| + | * Earth’s surface | ||
| + | * erosion | ||
| + | * frost wedging | ||
| + | * hydrologic cycle | ||
| + | * infiltration | ||
| + | * melt generation | ||
| + | * melting temperature | ||
| + | * permeability | ||
| + | * physical and chemical properties | ||
| + | * porosity | ||
| + | * properties of water | ||
| + | * recrystallization | ||
| + | * rock cycle | ||
| + | * runoff | ||
| + | * solubility | ||
| + | * stream deposition | ||
| + | * stream table | ||
| + | * stream transportation | ||
| + | * surface processes | ||
| + | </div> | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class="vocab-subhead">From released exam questions</div> | ||
| + | <div class="vocab-list" style="column-width:20em;"> | ||
| + | * [[Questions:How Did Earth Get Its Water?#q5|aquifer]] – Aug 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Dams on the Colorado River#q1|basin]] – Aug 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:How Did Earth Get Its Water?#q5|bedrock]] – Aug 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Mount Morris Dam in Letchworth State Park#q3|burial]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Power of Water#q2|calthemite straws]] – Aug 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Dams on the Colorado River#q1|canyon]] – Aug 2026, [[Questions:Mount Morris Dam in Letchworth State Park#q1|Jan 2026]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Power of Water#q2|caves]] – Aug 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Earth’s Oceans–A Climate Change Indicator#q1|climate change]] – Aug 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Dams on the Colorado River#q1|compaction]] – Aug 2026, [[Questions:Mount Morris Dam in Letchworth State Park#q3|Jan 2026]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Mount Morris Dam in Letchworth State Park#q3|constructive processes]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Dams on the Colorado River#q1|dams]] – Aug 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Earth’s Oceans–A Climate Change Indicator#q1|density]] – Aug 2026, [[Questions:How Did Earth Get Its Water?#q5|Aug 2025]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Dams on the Colorado River#q1|drainage basin]] – Aug 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:New York State's Hudson River#q1|drinking water]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:New York State's Hudson River#q1|estuary]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Dams on the Colorado River#q2|evaporation]] – Aug 2026, [[Questions:How Did Earth Get Its Water?#q5|Aug 2025]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Mount Morris Dam in Letchworth State Park#q3|folding]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Power of Water#q1|freeze-thaw cycles]] – Aug 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:How Did Earth Get Its Water?#q5|fresh water]] – Aug 2025, [[Questions:New York State's Hudson River#q1|June 2025]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Mount Morris Dam in Letchworth State Park#q1|gorge]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:How Did Earth Get Its Water?#q5|groundwater]] – Aug 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Dams on the Colorado River#q1|irrigation]] – Aug 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Complex Tectonics of the Western Pacific#q5|island arc]] – June 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Dams on the Colorado River#q2|isolines]] – Aug 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Complex Tectonics of the Western Pacific#q5|mantle]] – June 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Complex Tectonics of the Western Pacific#q5|minerals]] – June 2026, [[Questions:The Power of Water#q2|Aug 2025]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Mount Morris Dam in Letchworth State Park#q1|model]] – Jan 2026, [[Questions:How Did Earth Get Its Water?#q5|Aug 2025]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Earth’s Oceans–A Climate Change Indicator#q1|ocean]] – Aug 2026, [[Questions:The Slow Carbon Cycle#q3|June 2026]], [[Questions:How Did Earth Get Its Water?#q5|Aug 2025]], [[Questions:New York State's Hudson River#q1|June 2025]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Earth’s Oceans–A Climate Change Indicator#q1|ocean heat content]] – Aug 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Complex Tectonics of the Western Pacific#q5|oceanic crust]] – June 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Mount Morris Dam in Letchworth State Park#q3|outgassing]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Power of Water#q2|precipitate]] – Aug 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Dams on the Colorado River#q1|precipitation]] – Aug 2026, [[Questions:Mount Morris Dam in Letchworth State Park#q3|Jan 2026]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Earth’s Oceans–A Climate Change Indicator#q1|reflection]] – Aug 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Dams on the Colorado River#q1|river]] – Aug 2026, [[Questions:The Slow Carbon Cycle#q3|June 2026]], [[Questions:Mount Morris Dam in Letchworth State Park#q1|Jan 2026]], [[Questions:New York State's Hudson River#q1|June 2025]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Mount Morris Dam in Letchworth State Park#q1|rock types]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Dams on the Colorado River#q2|salinity]] – Aug 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:New York State's Hudson River#q1|salt front]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Earth’s Oceans–A Climate Change Indicator#q1|sea level]] – Aug 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Dams on the Colorado River#q2|seasons]] – Aug 2026, [[Questions:New York State's Hudson River#q1|June 2025]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Dams on the Colorado River#q1|sediment]] – Aug 2026, [[Questions:Mount Morris Dam in Letchworth State Park#q3|Jan 2026]], [[Questions:How Did Earth Get Its Water?#q5|Aug 2025]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Dams on the Colorado River#q1|sedimentation]] – Aug 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Dams on the Colorado River#q2|snowmelt]] – Aug 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Earth’s Oceans–A Climate Change Indicator#q1|specific heat]] – Aug 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Power of Water#q2|stalactites]] – Aug 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Earth’s Oceans–A Climate Change Indicator#q1|thermal expansion]] – Aug 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:New York State's Hudson River#q1|tides]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:How Did Earth Get Its Water?#q5|transpiration]] – Aug 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Dams on the Colorado River#q1|tributary]] – Aug 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Dams on the Colorado River#q1|velocity]] – Aug 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Complex Tectonics of the Western Pacific#q5|volcano]] – June 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Dams on the Colorado River#q2|water cycle]] – Aug 2026, [[Questions:How Did Earth Get Its Water?#q5|Aug 2025]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:How Did Earth Get Its Water?#q5|water table]] – Aug 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Mount Morris Dam in Letchworth State Park#q1|waterfall]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:New York State's Hudson River#q1|watershed]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Mount Morris Dam in Letchworth State Park#q1|weathering]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | </div> | ||
== {{Dimensionsheading}} == | == {{Dimensionsheading}} == | ||
Latest revision as of 19:17, 27 September 2026
Plan and conduct an investigation of the properties of water and its effects on Earth materials and surface processes.
Clarification statement: Emphasis is on mechanical and chemical investigations with water and a variety of solid materials to provide the evidence for connections between the hydrologic cycle and system interactions commonly known as the rock cycle. Examples of mechanical investigations include stream transportation (erosion) and deposition using a stream table, infiltration and runoff by measuring permeability and porosity of different materials, or frost wedging by the expansion of water as it freezes. Examples of chemical investigations include chemical weathering and recrystallization (by testing the solubility of different materials) or melt generation (by examining how water lowers the melting temperature of most solids).
Reference Tables
Relevant reference tables:
Assessment
What assessment of HS-ESS2-5 might look like on a NY state exam.
Performance Level Descriptions
PLDs communicate the knowledge and skills expected of students to demonstrate proficiency in each Learning Standard. NYS assessments classify student performance into one of five levels.
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Level 1: Given the results of an investigation or information about the chemical and/or physical properties of water (in its different forms) identify an effect that water would have on an Earth material or surface process.
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Level 2: Given the results of an investigation or information of the chemical and/or physical properties of water (in its different forms), describe an effect that water would have on an Earth material or a surface process.
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Level 3: Using a given plan, conduct an investigation of the physical and chemical properties of water and water’s effects on Earth materials and surface processes or given a plan, and the results of an investigation, describe how the properties of water affect an Earth material and a surface process.
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Level 4: Plan and conduct an investigation of the properties of water and its effects on Earth materials and surface processes.
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Level 5: Plan and conduct an investigation to demonstrate how the water’s structure, in all of its phases, affects its properties, and how water effects on Earth materials and surface processes.
Vocabulary
Terms from the Earth & Space Science Glossary that come from this standard or from the released exam questions that assess it.
From this standard
- chemical weathering
- deposition
- Earth
- Earth materials
- Earth’s surface
- erosion
- frost wedging
- hydrologic cycle
- infiltration
- melt generation
- melting temperature
- permeability
- physical and chemical properties
- porosity
- properties of water
- recrystallization
- rock cycle
- runoff
- solubility
- stream deposition
- stream table
- stream transportation
- surface processes
From released exam questions
- aquifer – Aug 2025
- basin – Aug 2026
- bedrock – Aug 2025
- burial – Jan 2026
- calthemite straws – Aug 2025
- canyon – Aug 2026, Jan 2026
- caves – Aug 2025
- climate change – Aug 2026
- compaction – Aug 2026, Jan 2026
- constructive processes – Jan 2026
- dams – Aug 2026
- density – Aug 2026, Aug 2025
- drainage basin – Aug 2026
- drinking water – June 2025
- estuary – June 2025
- evaporation – Aug 2026, Aug 2025
- folding – Jan 2026
- freeze-thaw cycles – Aug 2025
- fresh water – Aug 2025, June 2025
- gorge – Jan 2026
- groundwater – Aug 2025
- irrigation – Aug 2026
- island arc – June 2026
- isolines – Aug 2026
- mantle – June 2026
- minerals – June 2026, Aug 2025
- model – Jan 2026, Aug 2025
- ocean – Aug 2026, June 2026, Aug 2025, June 2025
- ocean heat content – Aug 2026
- oceanic crust – June 2026
- outgassing – Jan 2026
- precipitate – Aug 2025
- precipitation – Aug 2026, Jan 2026
- reflection – Aug 2026
- river – Aug 2026, June 2026, Jan 2026, June 2025
- rock types – Jan 2026
- salinity – Aug 2026
- salt front – June 2025
- sea level – Aug 2026
- seasons – Aug 2026, June 2025
- sediment – Aug 2026, Jan 2026, Aug 2025
- sedimentation – Aug 2026
- snowmelt – Aug 2026
- specific heat – Aug 2026
- stalactites – Aug 2025
- thermal expansion – Aug 2026
- tides – June 2025
- transpiration – Aug 2025
- tributary – Aug 2026
- velocity – Aug 2026
- volcano – June 2026
- water cycle – Aug 2026, Aug 2025
- water table – Aug 2025
- waterfall – Jan 2026
- watershed – June 2025
- weathering – Jan 2026
NGSS Dimensions
Performance expectation HS-ESS2-5 was developed using the following elements from the NRC document A Framework for K-12 Science Education:
Science and Engineering Practices
- Planning and carrying out investigations: Plan and conduct an investigation individually and collaboratively to produce data to serve as the basis for evidence, and in the design: decide on types, how much, and accuracy of data needed to produce reliable measurements and consider limitations on the precision of the data (e.g., number of trials, cost, risk, time), and refine the design accordingly.
Disciplinary Core Ideas
- The Roles of Water in Earth’s Surface Processes: The abundance of liquid water on Earth’s surface and its unique combination of physical and chemical properties are central to the planet’s dynamics. These properties include water’s exceptional capacity to absorb, store, and release large amounts of energy, transmit sunlight, expand upon freezing, dissolve and transport materials, and lower the viscosities and melting points of rocks.
Crosscutting Concepts
- Structure and function: The functions and properties of natural and designed objects and systems can be inferred from their overall structure, the way their components are shaped and used, and the molecular substructures of its various materials.
Page contributors: Conrad Richman, Caroline Leonard