Difference between revisions of "HS-ESS2-2"
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| + | {{PerformanceLevel}} | ||
| + | {{PLTable | ||
| + | | Level5 = Compare and contrast various geoscience data sets to examine consistency of measurements and observations in order to make the claim that changes to Earth’s surface can create feedbacks that influence the stability of Earth’s systems over time. | ||
| + | | Level4 = Analyze geoscience data to make the claim that one change to Earth’s surface can create feedbacks that cause changes to Earth’s systems. | ||
| + | | Level3 = Analyze geoscience data/information to support the claim that a change to Earth’s surface or an Earth system can create a feedback that cause changes to one or more Earth’s system(s). | ||
| + | | Level2 = Identify the geoscience data/information that provides evidence for a given claim that a change to Earth’s surface or an Earth system results in a change to another Earth system <b><u>or</u></b> provides evidence to support/refute a given claim that a change to an Earth’s surface or one Earth system results in a change to another Earth system. | ||
| + | | Level1 = Using geoscience data/information, identify one change in Earth’s surface or an Earth system and how it will result in a change to another Earth system. | ||
| + | }} | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Vocabulary == | ||
| + | Terms from the [[Earth & Space Science Glossary]] that come from this standard or from the released exam questions that assess it. | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class="vocab-subhead">From this standard</div> | ||
| + | <div class="vocab-list" style="column-width:14em;"> | ||
| + | * absorption | ||
| + | * atmosphere | ||
| + | * climate feedback | ||
| + | * climate system | ||
| + | * coastal erosion | ||
| + | * costs and benefits | ||
| + | * dammed rivers | ||
| + | * design solution | ||
| + | * Earth | ||
| + | * Earth materials | ||
| + | * Earth’s surface | ||
| + | * Earth’s systems | ||
| + | * electromagnetic radiation | ||
| + | * feedback | ||
| + | * geoscience data | ||
| + | * glacial ice | ||
| + | * global temperatures | ||
| + | * greenhouse gases | ||
| + | * ground vegetation | ||
| + | * groundwater recharge | ||
| + | * humidity | ||
| + | * ice | ||
| + | * model | ||
| + | * negative feedback | ||
| + | * new technologies | ||
| + | * observations | ||
| + | * ocean | ||
| + | * positive feedback | ||
| + | * radiation | ||
| + | * reflection | ||
| + | * river | ||
| + | * runoff | ||
| + | * sediment transport | ||
| + | * soil erosion | ||
| + | * surface temperature | ||
| + | * system feedback | ||
| + | * wetland extent | ||
| + | * wetland loss | ||
| + | * wetlands | ||
| + | </div> | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class="vocab-subhead">From released exam questions</div> | ||
| + | <div class="vocab-list" style="column-width:20em;"> | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Gulf#q2|abyssal plain]] – Aug 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Energy and Mineral Resources#q1|acid mine drainage]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Siberian Traps#q3|acid rain]] – June 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Energy and Mineral Resources#q1|acidic]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Influence of Volcanoes on Earth’s Systems#q2|aerosols]] – June 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Energy and Mineral Resources#q1|air pollution]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:ESS Earth's Climate#q3|albedo]] – Sample 2024 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Ghost Forests#q1|anomaly]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Human Impact on Earth#q3|arable land]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Carboniferous Period#q2|atmospheric composition]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Evolution of Early Earth Systems#q3|banded iron formations]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Gulf#q2|basin]] – Aug 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Evolution of Early Earth Systems#q3|bedrock]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Energy and Mineral Resources#q1|biodiversity]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Carbon Cycle#q1|biomass]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Human Impact on Earth#q4|biomass fuel]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Siberian Traps#q3|biosphere]] – June 2026, [[Questions:Energy and Mineral Resources#q1|Jan 2026]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Evolution of Early Earth Systems#q3|black smokers]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Carbon Cycle#q1|carbon]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Carbon Cycle#q1|carbon cycle]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Evolution of Early Earth Systems#q3|carbon dioxide]] – Jan 2026, [[Questions:The Carbon Cycle#q1|June 2025]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Ghost Forests#q1|carbon sinks]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Carbon Cycle#q1|carbon uptake]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Siberian Traps#q3|chemical weathering]] – June 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Gulf#q2|climate change]] – Aug 2026, [[Questions:Doggerland#q1|Jan 2026]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Ghost Forests#q1|coastal flooding]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Human Impact on Earth#q4|conservation]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:ESS Earth's Climate#q3|cryosphere]] – Sample 2024 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Carbon Cycle#q1|decomposition]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Energy and Mineral Resources#q1|deforestation]] – Jan 2026, [[Questions:How Did Earth Get Its Water?#q4|Aug 2025]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:ESS Earth's Climate#q3|density]] – Sample 2024 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Aral Sea Region#q2|deposition]] – Aug 2026, [[Questions:Dams and Flood Mitigation#q3|Aug 2025]], [[Questions:Modeling Earth Systems to Understand Climate Change#q4|June 2025]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Aral Sea Region#q4|desertification]] – Aug 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:New York State's Hudson River#q5|dredging]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Gulf#q2|eddies]] – Aug 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Siberian Traps#q3|emissions]] – June 2026, [[Questions:Ghost Forests#q1|June 2025]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Energy and Mineral Resources#q1|energy and mineral resources]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Influence of Volcanoes on Earth’s Systems#q2|energy flow]] – June 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Aral Sea Region#q2|erosion]] – Aug 2026, [[Questions:Energy and Mineral Resources#q1|Jan 2026]], [[Questions:How Did Earth Get Its Water?#q4|Aug 2025]], [[Questions:Ghost Forests#q1|June 2025]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’pai Volcano#q1|eruption column]] – Aug 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Human Impact on Earth#q3|evaporation]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Carbon Cycle#q1|fossil fuels]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Evolution of Early Earth Systems#q3|free oxygen]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Greenland's Glacial Ice#q2|fresh water]] – Jan 2026, [[Questions:How Did Earth Get Its Water?#q4|Aug 2025]], [[Questions:Ghost Forests#q1|June 2025]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Evolution of Early Earth Systems#q3|geologic time]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Siberian Traps#q3|geosphere]] – June 2026, [[Questions:Evolution of Early Earth Systems#q3|Jan 2026]], [[Questions:ESS Earth's Climate#q3|Sample 2024]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Ghost Forests#q1|ghost forest]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Modeling Earth Systems to Understand Climate Change#q4|glacial melting]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Doggerland#q1|glaciers]] – Jan 2026, [[Questions:Modeling Earth Systems to Understand Climate Change#q4|June 2025]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Power of Water#q4|gorge]] – Aug 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Energy and Mineral Resources#q1|groundwater]] – Jan 2026, [[Questions:Ghost Forests#q1|June 2025]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Energy and Mineral Resources#q1|groundwater contamination]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Ghost Forests#q1|habitats]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Human Impact on Earth#q4|human activity]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Siberian Traps#q3|hydrosphere]] – June 2026, [[Questions:Evolution of Early Earth Systems#q3|Jan 2026]], [[Questions:ESS Earth's Climate#q3|Sample 2024]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Evolution of Early Earth Systems#q3|hydrothermal vents]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Doggerland#q1|ice sheet]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Carbon Cycle#q4|ice-core data]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Carbon Cycle#q1|inorganic carbon]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Evolution of Early Earth Systems#q3|iron]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Doggerland#q1|land bridge]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:How Did Earth Get Its Water?#q4|land use]] – Aug 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Human Impact on Earth#q3|livestock]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:ESS Plate Tectonics#q6|mantle]] – Sample 2024 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’pai Volcano#q1|mass]] – Aug 2026, [[Questions:Greenland's Glacial Ice#q2|Jan 2026]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Evolution of Early Earth Systems#q3|mass extinction]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Carbon Cycle#q1|megafires]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Evolution of Early Earth Systems#q3|methane]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Evolution of Early Earth Systems#q3|microfossils]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Energy and Mineral Resources#q1|minerals]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Siberian Traps#q3|mining]] – June 2026, [[Questions:Energy and Mineral Resources#q1|Jan 2026]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Carbon Cycle#q4|mountain]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Ghost Forests#q1|natural disaster]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Gulf#q2|ocean circulation]] – Aug 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Energy and Mineral Resources#q1|open pit mine]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Human Impact on Earth#q4|overgrazing]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Evolution of Early Earth Systems#q3|oxygen]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:ESS Plate Tectonics#q6|Pangea]] – Sample 2024 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Carbon Cycle#q1|photosynthesis]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Siberian Traps#q3|physical weathering]] – June 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:How Did Earth Get Its Water?#q4|plant cover]] – Aug 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:ESS Earth's Climate#q5|Polar Easterlies]] – Sample 2024 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:ESS Earth's Climate#q5|Polar Front Jet Stream]] – Sample 2024 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Energy and Mineral Resources#q1|pollutants]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Energy and Mineral Resources#q1|pollution]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’pai Volcano#q1|precipitation]] – Aug 2026, [[Questions:Energy and Mineral Resources#q1|Jan 2026]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Power of Water#q4|rate of erosion]] – Aug 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:ESS Earth's Climate#q3|reflectivity]] – Sample 2024 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Greenland's Glacial Ice#q2|salinity]] – Jan 2026, [[Questions:New York State's Hudson River#q2|June 2025]], [[Questions:ESS Earth's Climate#q3|Sample 2024]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:New York State's Hudson River#q2|salt front]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Ghost Forests#q1|saltwater intrusion]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:ESS Earth's Climate#q5|sea ice]] – Sample 2024 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Greenland's Glacial Ice#q2|sea level]] – Jan 2026, [[Questions:Ghost Forests#q1|June 2025]], [[Questions:ESS Earth's Climate#q3|Sample 2024]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Aral Sea Region#q2|sediment]] – Aug 2026, [[Questions:Dams and Flood Mitigation#q3|Aug 2025]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Evolution of Early Earth Systems#q3|sedimentary rock]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:How Did Earth Get Its Water?#q4|soil]] – Aug 2025, [[Questions:The Carbon Cycle#q1|June 2025]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Influence of Volcanoes on Earth’s Systems#q2|solar energy]] – June 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Influence of Volcanoes on Earth’s Systems#q2|solar radiation]] – June 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Ghost Forests#q1|storm surge]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Evolution of Early Earth Systems#q3|stromatolites]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:ESS Plate Tectonics#q6|subduction zone]] – Sample 2024 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’pai Volcano#q1|submarine volcano]] – Aug 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Energy and Mineral Resources#q1|subsidence]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Gulf#q2|surface ocean currents]] – Aug 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Energy and Mineral Resources#q1|tailings]] – Jan 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Ghost Forests#q1|temperature anomaly]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:How Did Earth Get Its Water?#q4|urbanization]] – Aug 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Influence of Volcanoes on Earth’s Systems#q2|volcanic eruptions]] – June 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’pai Volcano#q1|volcano]] – Aug 2026, [[Questions:The Influence of Volcanoes on Earth’s Systems#q2|June 2026]] | ||
| + | * [[Questions:ESS Plate Tectonics#q6|water flux]] – Sample 2024 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Ghost Forests#q1|water quality]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’pai Volcano#q1|water vapor]] – Aug 2026 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:New York State's Hudson River#q2|weather conditions]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Carbon Cycle#q1|weathering]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | * [[Questions:The Carbon Cycle#q1|wildfire]] – June 2025 | ||
| + | </div> | ||
| + | |||
| + | <div class="vocab-subhead">Implied by this standard</div> | ||
| + | <div class="vocab-list"> | ||
| + | * greenhouse effect – implied by "how an increase in greenhouse gases causes a rise in global temperatures" | ||
| + | </div> | ||
| + | |||
| + | == {{Resourcesheading}} == | ||
| + | {{resourcesmessage}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | {{expandthissection}} <!-- Remove this after this section has been expanded upon --> | ||
== {{Dimensionsheading}} == | == {{Dimensionsheading}} == | ||
Latest revision as of 19:17, 27 September 2026
Analyze geoscience data to make the claim that one change to Earth’s surface can create feedbacks that cause changes to Earth’s systems.
Clarification statement: Examples should include climate feedbacks, such as how an increase in greenhouse gases causes a rise in global temperatures that melts glacial ice, which reduces the amount of sunlight reflected from Earth’s surface, increasing surface temperatures and further reducing the amount of ice. Examples could also be taken from other system interactions, such as how the loss of ground vegetation causes an increase in water runoff and soil erosion; how dammed rivers increase groundwater recharge, decrease sediment transport, and increase coastal erosion; or how the loss of wetlands causes a decrease in local humidity that further reduces the wetland extent.
Assessment
What assessment of HS-ESS2-2 might look like on a NY state exam.
Performance Level Descriptions
PLDs communicate the knowledge and skills expected of students to demonstrate proficiency in each Learning Standard. NYS assessments classify student performance into one of five levels.
☐
Level 1: Using geoscience data/information, identify one change in Earth’s surface or an Earth system and how it will result in a change to another Earth system.
☐
Level 2: Identify the geoscience data/information that provides evidence for a given claim that a change to Earth’s surface or an Earth system results in a change to another Earth system or provides evidence to support/refute a given claim that a change to an Earth’s surface or one Earth system results in a change to another Earth system.
☐
Level 3: Analyze geoscience data/information to support the claim that a change to Earth’s surface or an Earth system can create a feedback that cause changes to one or more Earth’s system(s).
☐
Level 4: Analyze geoscience data to make the claim that one change to Earth’s surface can create feedbacks that cause changes to Earth’s systems.
☐
Level 5: Compare and contrast various geoscience data sets to examine consistency of measurements and observations in order to make the claim that changes to Earth’s surface can create feedbacks that influence the stability of Earth’s systems over time.
Vocabulary
Terms from the Earth & Space Science Glossary that come from this standard or from the released exam questions that assess it.
From this standard
- absorption
- atmosphere
- climate feedback
- climate system
- coastal erosion
- costs and benefits
- dammed rivers
- design solution
- Earth
- Earth materials
- Earth’s surface
- Earth’s systems
- electromagnetic radiation
- feedback
- geoscience data
- glacial ice
- global temperatures
- greenhouse gases
- ground vegetation
- groundwater recharge
- humidity
- ice
- model
- negative feedback
- new technologies
- observations
- ocean
- positive feedback
- radiation
- reflection
- river
- runoff
- sediment transport
- soil erosion
- surface temperature
- system feedback
- wetland extent
- wetland loss
- wetlands
From released exam questions
- abyssal plain – Aug 2026
- acid mine drainage – Jan 2026
- acid rain – June 2026
- acidic – Jan 2026
- aerosols – June 2026
- air pollution – Jan 2026
- albedo – Sample 2024
- anomaly – June 2025
- arable land – June 2025
- atmospheric composition – Jan 2026
- banded iron formations – Jan 2026
- basin – Aug 2026
- bedrock – Jan 2026
- biodiversity – Jan 2026
- biomass – June 2025
- biomass fuel – June 2025
- biosphere – June 2026, Jan 2026
- black smokers – Jan 2026
- carbon – June 2025
- carbon cycle – June 2025
- carbon dioxide – Jan 2026, June 2025
- carbon sinks – June 2025
- carbon uptake – June 2025
- chemical weathering – June 2026
- climate change – Aug 2026, Jan 2026
- coastal flooding – June 2025
- conservation – June 2025
- cryosphere – Sample 2024
- decomposition – June 2025
- deforestation – Jan 2026, Aug 2025
- density – Sample 2024
- deposition – Aug 2026, Aug 2025, June 2025
- desertification – Aug 2026
- dredging – June 2025
- eddies – Aug 2026
- emissions – June 2026, June 2025
- energy and mineral resources – Jan 2026
- energy flow – June 2026
- erosion – Aug 2026, Jan 2026, Aug 2025, June 2025
- eruption column – Aug 2026
- evaporation – June 2025
- fossil fuels – June 2025
- free oxygen – Jan 2026
- fresh water – Jan 2026, Aug 2025, June 2025
- geologic time – Jan 2026
- geosphere – June 2026, Jan 2026, Sample 2024
- ghost forest – June 2025
- glacial melting – June 2025
- glaciers – Jan 2026, June 2025
- gorge – Aug 2025
- groundwater – Jan 2026, June 2025
- groundwater contamination – Jan 2026
- habitats – June 2025
- human activity – June 2025
- hydrosphere – June 2026, Jan 2026, Sample 2024
- hydrothermal vents – Jan 2026
- ice sheet – Jan 2026
- ice-core data – June 2025
- inorganic carbon – June 2025
- iron – Jan 2026
- land bridge – Jan 2026
- land use – Aug 2025
- livestock – June 2025
- mantle – Sample 2024
- mass – Aug 2026, Jan 2026
- mass extinction – Jan 2026
- megafires – June 2025
- methane – Jan 2026
- microfossils – Jan 2026
- minerals – Jan 2026
- mining – June 2026, Jan 2026
- mountain – June 2025
- natural disaster – June 2025
- ocean circulation – Aug 2026
- open pit mine – Jan 2026
- overgrazing – June 2025
- oxygen – Jan 2026
- Pangea – Sample 2024
- photosynthesis – June 2025
- physical weathering – June 2026
- plant cover – Aug 2025
- Polar Easterlies – Sample 2024
- Polar Front Jet Stream – Sample 2024
- pollutants – Jan 2026
- pollution – Jan 2026
- precipitation – Aug 2026, Jan 2026
- rate of erosion – Aug 2025
- reflectivity – Sample 2024
- salinity – Jan 2026, June 2025, Sample 2024
- salt front – June 2025
- saltwater intrusion – June 2025
- sea ice – Sample 2024
- sea level – Jan 2026, June 2025, Sample 2024
- sediment – Aug 2026, Aug 2025
- sedimentary rock – Jan 2026
- soil – Aug 2025, June 2025
- solar energy – June 2026
- solar radiation – June 2026
- storm surge – June 2025
- stromatolites – Jan 2026
- subduction zone – Sample 2024
- submarine volcano – Aug 2026
- subsidence – Jan 2026
- surface ocean currents – Aug 2026
- tailings – Jan 2026
- temperature anomaly – June 2025
- urbanization – Aug 2025
- volcanic eruptions – June 2026
- volcano – Aug 2026, June 2026
- water flux – Sample 2024
- water quality – June 2025
- water vapor – Aug 2026
- weather conditions – June 2025
- weathering – June 2025
- wildfire – June 2025
Implied by this standard
- greenhouse effect – implied by "how an increase in greenhouse gases causes a rise in global temperatures"
Resources
Examples and discussion of resources for the learning, teaching, and assessment of HS-ESS2-2.
This section could be expanded upon. You can help out by adding to this section.
NGSS Dimensions
Performance expectation HS-ESS2-2 was developed using the following elements from the NRC document A Framework for K-12 Science Education:
Science and Engineering Practices
- Analyzing and interpreting data: Analyze data using tools, technologies, and/or models (e.g., computational, mathematical) in order to make valid and reliable scientific claims or determine an optimal design solution.
Disciplinary Core Ideas
- Earth Materials and Systems: Earth’s systems, being dynamic and interacting, cause feedback effects that can increase or decrease the original changes.
- Weather and climate: The foundation for Earth’s global climate systems is the electromagnetic radiation from the sun, as well as its reflection, absorption, storage, and redistribution among the atmosphere, ocean, and land systems, and this energy’s re-radiation into space.
Crosscutting Concepts
- Stability and change: Feedback (negative or positive) can stabilize or destabilize a system.
- Influence of engineering, technology, and science on society and the natural world: New technologies can have deep impacts on society and the environment, including some that were not anticipated. Analysis of costs and benefits is a critical aspect of decisions about technology.
Page contributors: Conrad Richman, Caroline Leonard